台灣農地轉用與農地交易空間關聯性之研究

Explore the Spatial Relationship between Farmland Use Changes and Farmland Transactions

台灣過去土地政策偏向釋出農地以滿足國家經濟發展與用地需求的決策思維，造成農地轉用情形頻仍，使得農地資源持續受到威脅。2000年農地交易限制的放寬，促進農地供非農民使用，及開放資本進入農地市場，都市邊緣地區出現農地交易為農地轉用（開發）領先指標，土地開發者高價收購變相鼓勵農地交易及農地所有權的持續變動，突顯轉用於非農業用途之特性。本文以原台南縣為研究地區，研析農地交易限制放寬後之有交易且轉用農地區位特性，進而探究農地有交易且轉用與無交易但轉用空間關聯性。研究結果顯示，農地有交易且轉用之類型包括工業或住宅，潛在影響農地利用生產環境。且農地有交易且轉用具有空間正相關，熱點集中分佈於都市發展邊緣地區。最後，依據雙變數空間自相關分析結果顯示，農地有交易且轉用與無交易但轉用地區具有空間聚集現象，該空間聚集現象隨著距離增加出現遞減，顯示農地有交易且轉用與無交易但轉用地區之空間關聯存在一定距離因素。 The conventional land use Policy tends to release farmland to achieve economic development and satisfy land use demand and resulted in the conversion of farmland into nonfarm uses. In 2000, farmland ownership has been greatly released and enterprise capital has been allowed to enter farmland market. Farmland transactions have become leading index of farmland use changes in urban fringe. Developers are often willing to pay a premium and further encourage farmland transactions and the frequent change on farmland ownerships. We subject data from Tainan County (with boundaries as recognized prior to the changes of 2011) for spatial features of farmland transactions and on farmland use changes to certain spatial relationship analyses after the release of farmland ownership. The results show that the conversions of farmland use change have happened in study area,of whichconverted to industrial and residential uses wereresulting in negative impacts on the remaining surrounding farmlands.In addition, transacted farmland changed to transportation, nonfarm structures and public facilitiesappear to cluster together in urban fringe. Moreover, the results of bivariate LISA statisticshow thatthe moderately positive spatial relationship represents similar spatial features for both farmland use changes and farmland transactions in neighborhoods close to each other resulting in clustered patterns, and the clustered patterns decrease with distance which shows that farmland use changes values are associated with farmland transactionsunder certainproximity.

The conventional land use Policy tends to release farmland to achieve economic development and satisfy land use demand and resulted in the conversion of farmland into nonfarm uses. In 2000, farmland ownership has been greatly released and enterprise capital has been allowed to enter farmland market. Farmland transactions have become leading index of farmland use changes in urban fringe. Developers are often willing to pay a premium and further encourage farmland transactions and the frequent change on farmland ownerships. We subject data from Tainan County (with boundaries as recognized prior to the changes of 2011) for spatial features of farmland transactions and on farmland use changes to certain spatial relationship analyses after the release of farmland ownership. The results show that the conversions of farmland use change have happened in study area,of whichconverted to industrial and residential uses wereresulting in negative impacts on the remaining surrounding farmlands.In addition, transacted farmland changed to transportation, nonfarm structures and public facilitiesappear to cluster together in urban fringe. Moreover, the results of bivariate LISA statisticshow thatthe moderately positive spatial relationship represents similar spatial features for both farmland use changes and farmland transactions in neighborhoods close to each other resulting in clustered patterns, and the clustered patterns decrease with distance which shows that farmland use changes values are associated with farmland transactionsunder certainproximity.