高雄市商業區東南亞外籍勞工之聚集與都市空間分割化之關連

Study on South-eastern Asian Migrant Workers’ Gathering in Urban Commercial Area and Its Relations Between the Partitioning of Urban Space in Kaohsiung City

近年來，外籍勞動者在全球化時代的經濟動力下，如何造就了新的全球城市，以及這樣的資本與人力資源的大規模流動，對於移居國的都會空間產生重大的影響，已成為學術界值得探討的課題，而且，在過去，國內也比較缺乏此一課題的研究。因此，本研究旨在探討「菲律賓與印尼籍外籍勞工在都市商業區的聚集與消費活動所造成之都市空間分割化的意義與影響」，並以高雄市外勞街為經驗研究的地區。本研究採用的研究方法主要包括問卷調查、深入訪談、參與觀察法以及迴歸分析與相關性檢定等四種方法。本研究所需資料主要來自高雄市菲律賓與印尼籍外勞聚集之商業區所在之當地社區居民的回答答案以及商店老闆的回答答案。資料分析方式則利用SPSS10.3版統計軟體進行統計與分析工作。研究成果主要包括：1.當地居民與外勞活動空間開始有明顯區隔，所謂「獨立的、分割的都市空間」亦已明顯成型。而且，社區居民比商店老闆具有明顯的態度反映。2.社區居民對於外籍勞工在商店街之聚集，所造成「負面」衝擊上，社區居民也比商店老闆表現出容忍的態度。3.菲律賓與印尼外勞消費活動對都市社區空間之影響分析上，社區居民方面，顯示非伊斯蘭教的居民，認為外勞消費活動的聚集，比較容易造成都市空間的分割化。非離婚的居民，認為外勞消費活動的聚集，比較容易造成都市空間的分割化。最後，居民對外勞的態度達統計顯著性，為一個有效的預測變項，表示居民對外勞的態度愈正向，愈容易認為外勞消費活動的聚集，會造成都市空間的分割化。商店老闆方面，顯示商店老闆在商店營運上愈抱持正向看法，認為外勞消費活動的聚集，比較容易造成都市空間的分割化，包括願意進貨更多的異國商品、願意在店旁設置外勞聚集用餐聊天的場所等。商店老闆愈認為外勞聚集消費，對地方經濟有貢獻，則主張比較容易造成都市空間的分割化。商店老闆愈認為外勞融入社區，對文化交流有貢獻，則主張比較容易造成都市空間的分割化。 This study is to explore Filipino and Indonesian migrant workers’ impacts and their meanings of gathering/consumption activities on divided cities in Kaohsiung City. We will take on empirical study in the citys’ commercial area or shopping street in Kaohsiung City. Four major research methods are applied, including questionnaire survey, interview, participant observation and regression analysis and correlation test. Data will be obtained from the questionnaire answers of local inhabitants and shop keepers and analysed via SPSS10.3 statistical methods. The main outcomes of this study are as follows：1. In Kaohsiung City, we have found that the partitioning of urban space has begun to become. And, community inhabitants have significant attitude than shop keepers. 2. In the impacts of migrant workers’ gathering on commercial streets, community inhabitants also have tolerant attitude than shop keepers. 3. In the viewpoint of local inhabitants, people who are non-Moslem, non-divorcee, and has positive attitude to migrant workers, will think that migrant workers’ gathering/consumption activities have resulted in divided cities in Kaohsiung City. In the viewpoint of shop keepers, they who have positive attitude to shop operation and who think migrant workers have contributed in local economy and cultural interflow, will think that migrant workers’ gathering/consumption activities have resulted in divided cities.

This study is to explore Filipino and Indonesian migrant workers’ impacts and their meanings of gathering/consumption activities on divided cities in Kaohsiung City. We will take on empirical study in the citys’ commercial area or shopping street in Kaohsiung City. Four major research methods are applied, including questionnaire survey, interview, participant observation and regression analysis and correlation test. Data will be obtained from the questionnaire answers of local inhabitants and shop keepers and analysed via SPSS10.3 statistical methods. The main outcomes of this study are as follows：1. In Kaohsiung City, we have found that the partitioning of urban space has begun to become. And, community inhabitants have significant attitude than shop keepers. 2. In the impacts of migrant workers’ gathering on commercial streets, community inhabitants also have tolerant attitude than shop keepers. 3. In the viewpoint of local inhabitants, people who are non-Moslem, non-divorcee, and has positive attitude to migrant workers, will think that migrant workers’ gathering/consumption activities have resulted in divided cities in Kaohsiung City. In the viewpoint of shop keepers, they who have positive attitude to shop operation and who think migrant workers have contributed in local economy and cultural interflow, will think that migrant workers’ gathering/consumption activities have resulted in divided cities.