建立都市住宅風環境舒適度指標與改善策略評估──以台南市大林住宅都市更新地區為例

Comfort Index Establishment of Wind Environment and Evaluation of Improvement Strategy in Urban Residential Areas - A Study of Urban Renewal Plan of Da Lin Public Housing, Tainan

由於都會地區不斷飆升的氣溫，使得風和溫熱環境成為受矚目的探討議題，而在思考都市未來的發展上，舊市區的更新越趨急迫，都市更新時首要策略應考量到風環境的改善。本研究試圖以風環境面向做探討，針對2007年台南市大林住宅都市更新計畫之計畫範圍，進行定點觀測，以實測資料驗證CFD（computational fluid dynamics）模擬計算研究地區之風環境。在歸納整理台南市氣象站資料後，參考國內外風環境指標之檢測及考量人體舒適度SET*（standard effective temperature）舒適指標檢測值之分析，以絕對評估法與相對評估法兩概念為主軸，訂出下午及晚上時段最適風速範圍，評估研究地區行人風場。另依都市規劃中管制機制：建蔽率與容積率，訂定四套組合的模擬分析，配合先前所歸納出的綜合性之風環境檢測指標，檢驗現行法規下大林住宅都市更新區之風環境情形。最後，突破容積率之管制及周邊建物不變更之限制，提出增加建築量體及設置風廊道的策略，改善該都市更新的風環境。研究結果顯示容積率放寬及風廊道設計改善方案有助於研究地區行人風場之舒適度的提升。 Topics of wind and thermal environment are being more emphasized recently since the air temperature in metropolises is getting higher gradually. The improvement of wind environment has to be reviewed for areas where is urgent for urban renewal. This study focuses on the aspects of wind environment in an urban renewal area, Da Lin Per Public Housing. Weather data from Tainan meteorological station is analyzed to formulate the comfort index of wind environment and used to simulate the wind environment in the study area. Reviewing the domestic and foreign evaluation indices of wind environment and SET*(standard effective temperature), the suitable ranges of wind speed for afternoon and night in residential areas of Tainan are evaluated respectively by absolute evaluation method and relative evaluation method. The micro climate of study area is first investigated by field measurements and the measurement result area used to verify the wind environment simulation calculated by CFD (computational fluid dynamics). The wind environment of the study area under the current regulations of urban planning, building coverage ratio (BCR) and floor area ratio (FAR), is evaluated by the microclimate simulation and examined by the comfort index of wind environment proposed in this study. Finally, mitigation policies of increasing the floor area ratio (FAR) and rearranging the layout of surrounding buildings are proposed in this study. Wind is induced into the study area and ventilation lane is created. Results show both cases improve the wind environment for pedestrians in the study area.

Topics of wind and thermal environment are being more emphasized recently since the air temperature in metropolises is getting higher gradually. The improvement of wind environment has to be reviewed for areas where is urgent for urban renewal. This study focuses on the aspects of wind environment in an urban renewal area, Da Lin Per Public Housing. Weather data from Tainan meteorological station is analyzed to formulate the comfort index of wind environment and used to simulate the wind environment in the study area. Reviewing the domestic and foreign evaluation indices of wind environment and SET*(standard effective temperature), the suitable ranges of wind speed for afternoon and night in residential areas of Tainan are evaluated respectively by absolute evaluation method and relative evaluation method. The micro climate of study area is first investigated by field measurements and the measurement result area used to verify the wind environment simulation calculated by CFD (computational fluid dynamics). The wind environment of the study area under the current regulations of urban planning, building coverage ratio (BCR) and floor area ratio (FAR), is evaluated by the microclimate simulation and examined by the comfort index of wind environment proposed in this study. Finally, mitigation policies of increasing the floor area ratio (FAR) and rearranging the layout of surrounding buildings are proposed in this study. Wind is induced into the study area and ventilation lane is created. Results show both cases improve the wind environment for pedestrians in the study area.