企業在地再投資區位選擇之研究

Study on Iocation Selection of the Enterprises’ Reinvestment in Home-Country

本文主要針對跨國企業投資多工型工廠的特性，藉由投資時間與空間區位，以及廠商組織型態面向，探討台灣企業廠商於母國再投資時之區位選擇因素。以2006年知識密集型製造業1000大廠商為對象，並以工業地域觀點所劃分的台灣地區北、中、南三大區域為研究場域，選擇包括在台投資經驗、總公司區位、第一次投資決策、路徑依循等企業廠商組織決策之屬性變數，以及包含區域中科學園區的設立、產業專業化係數、雜異化指標等區域環境變數，透過多項羅吉特模型進行實證分析。實證的結果發現，總公司區位確實影響後續再投資的工廠區位選擇，第一次的投資決策經驗也會影響下一次的區位選擇行為，代表經濟發展階段的投資時間變項也確實會影響區位選擇行為。而當區域內科學園區的發展相較未臻成熟時，其區域的賦能仍不足以吸引企業廠商進駐，至於台灣企業的再投資區位選擇則較偏好區域內工業地域的地方化經濟，而不偏好區域內工業地域的都市化經濟。 According to the trait of settling multi-production factories of multinational enterprises, this study evaluated the impact factors on the location selection for Taiwan’s enterprises reinvest in their home-country through investigation of invest timing, location and organization type. The investigation was focused on the top 1,000 manufacturing firms in 2006, and classified to three regions, Northern, Central and Southern Taiwan, according to industrial districts. The research variables were divided into decision making and regional environment variables, where the decision making variables considered by this paper included previous investment experiences, headquarter location and first-time investment strategies and decision processes following path-depend, and regional environment variables contained the development of regional science park, industry specialization coefficient and Hirschman-Herfindahl index. By taking advantage of multinomial logit model, the empirical analysis was carried out and the results indicated that the headquarter location was one of the most important factors on the selection of reinvestment location, the location for reinvestment was affected by the first-time investment decision and experience, and the investment timing also influenced the location selection during nation’s economic development. The results further demonstrated that insufficient attraction such as under developing science park will affect the enterprises to decide to station in the region. Furthermore, it was found the preference of reinvestment location was the industrial districts with localization economy rather than urbanization economy for the manufacturing enterprises in Taiwan.

According to the trait of settling multi-production factories of multinational enterprises, this study evaluated the impact factors on the location selection for Taiwan’s enterprises reinvest in their home-country through investigation of invest timing, location and organization type. The investigation was focused on the top 1,000 manufacturing firms in 2006, and classified to three regions, Northern, Central and Southern Taiwan, according to industrial districts. The research variables were divided into decision making and regional environment variables, where the decision making variables considered by this paper included previous investment experiences, headquarter location and first-time investment strategies and decision processes following path-depend, and regional environment variables contained the development of regional science park, industry specialization coefficient and Hirschman-Herfindahl index. By taking advantage of multinomial logit model, the empirical analysis was carried out and the results indicated that the headquarter location was one of the most important factors on the selection of reinvestment location, the location for reinvestment was affected by the first-time investment decision and experience, and the investment timing also influenced the location selection during nation’s economic development. The results further demonstrated that insufficient attraction such as under developing science park will affect the enterprises to decide to station in the region. Furthermore, it was found the preference of reinvestment location was the industrial districts with localization economy rather than urbanization economy for the manufacturing enterprises in Taiwan.