黜邪崇正──清代官方政策與律例法典中的民間秘密宗教

Folk Secret Religious Sects and Government Policy in “DAQING HUIDIAN”

有清一代，民間秘密宗教盛行於底層社會。本文蒐集並整理出清代歷朝的《大清會典》中有關民間秘密宗教的法條與相關規範，從中可看到清朝法律在禁師巫邪術相關條文的沿革，亦可觀察出清朝政府在處理民間秘密宗教態度上的各種改變，其為研究清代民間秘密宗教重要的史料。此外，文中同時參照清代歷朝不同皇帝對民間秘密宗教的政策，以及官員各自對地方上的民間秘密宗教的觀察與看法，互相對照與分析下可看出，官方政府禁止民間私自的宗教活動緣由除了為鞏固政權，防範民眾集會，以避免有心人士藉由宗教活動集會民眾進行反政府的行為外，亦考量巫覡星士妄言吉凶，蠱惑婦女，騙取財物等經濟與社會層面的問題。 In Qing Dynasty, folk secret religious sects prevailed among the local society. This research collect and arrange in“DAQING HUIDIAN”. Qing Dynasty about the rules and related norms of folk secret religious sects. Understanding the ban of related laws of witchcraft in Qing Dynasty, and observing the changing attitude to solve folk secret religious sects during Qing Dynasty government, and also it is an important historical material to research folk secret religious sects. In addition, this research consulted different policies about folk secret religious sects in different emperors of Qing Dynasty. Moreover, officials observed and viewpoints about folk secret religious sects. Cross reference and analyzed realize that government banned the folk religion activities in private to consolidate regime, take precautions about people convocation and avoid people with bad intensions held anti-government activities by religion activities. Besides, in order to prevent fortune tellers talked nonsense, captivated and defrauded women of their money and belongings about the economic and society problem.

In Qing Dynasty, folk secret religious sects prevailed among the local society. This research collect and arrange in“DAQING HUIDIAN”. Qing Dynasty about the rules and related norms of folk secret religious sects. Understanding the ban of related laws of witchcraft in Qing Dynasty, and observing the changing attitude to solve folk secret religious sects during Qing Dynasty government, and also it is an important historical material to research folk secret religious sects. In addition, this research consulted different policies about folk secret religious sects in different emperors of Qing Dynasty. Moreover, officials observed and viewpoints about folk secret religious sects. Cross reference and analyzed realize that government banned the folk religion activities in private to consolidate regime, take precautions about people convocation and avoid people with bad intensions held anti-government activities by religion activities. Besides, in order to prevent fortune tellers talked nonsense, captivated and defrauded women of their money and belongings about the economic and society problem.