社會排斥對敵意認知及攻擊行為之影響：以共同作業成員選擇法操弄

The Influences of Social Exclusion toward the Hostilities and the Attack Behaviors: the Task of the ＂Selection of the Co-worker＂ Method

社會排斥（social exclusion）代表個人被團體或其他人拒絕，並且得不到團體成員認同的負面經驗（Twenge et al., 2001, 2003）。社會排斥對被排斥的當事人而言是一種不舒服且具有壓力、敵視的團體動力感受。本研究以實驗室研究之共同作業成員選擇法進行社會排斥操弄，並搭配自編問卷詢問研究參與者對於實驗程序以及同謀者的情緒反應，最後以虛擬的噪音作為指標記錄研究參與者在遭遇社會排斥後的攻擊行為反應。以研究者所服務之大學之20歲以上大學生為研究參與者。於2016年5月20日止完成社會排斥組樣本之實驗操弄，計60位有效研究參與者完成實驗。男、女各半，年齡20-24歲。研究結果可知：研究參與者能夠顯著的察覺自己被實驗同謀者排斥，也能感受到自己在實驗同謀者心中的評價下降，本研究中所有的研究參與者在經驗社會排斥後，會透過降低圖像作業評分的方式給予實驗同謀者攻擊；但是只有一半以上（56.3%）的研究參與者會選擇以噪音來攻擊實驗同謀者。在研究建議部分，本研究從實驗程序安排所造成的「攻擊動機抒解」效應以及「社會接納動機」觀點進行與研究文獻之對話及建議討論，同時說明社會排斥之團體運作歷程對於社會不適應行為如犯罪與攻擊行為之前在解釋延伸可能。 Social exclusion means the negative experiences of individuals who were rejected by groups or others and couldn't get alone with them (Twenge et al., 2001, 2003). For rejected persons, it's a sense of uncomfortable, pressure and hostile from those who reject it. The present study conducted a social exclusion experiment in the laboratory by the method of ＂choice of the coworker＂. We also ask participants to answer questionnaires to measure their reaction toward the experiment and the coworkers. Finally, we use virtual noises as indicators to record participants' attack behaviors after being through social exclusion. The objects were university students aged over 20 s, chosen from where the researcher serves. As of May 20, 2016, 60 participants completed the experiment, an half of each gender, age from 20 to 24. The outcome showed participants could easily sense rejection and collapsing value of themselves from colluders. During the research, all joiners after suffering social exclusion attacked colluders by giving bad grades; however, over an half (56.3%) chose noises as their attack tools. The progress of this study caused the effect of ＂relief of attack motivation＂ and the point of view of ＂socially-accepted motivation＂ built up a bridge to the literature.

Social exclusion means the negative experiences of individuals who were rejected by groups or others and couldn't get alone with them (Twenge et al., 2001, 2003). For rejected persons, it's a sense of uncomfortable, pressure and hostile from those who reject it. The present study conducted a social exclusion experiment in the laboratory by the method of ＂choice of the coworker＂. We also ask participants to answer questionnaires to measure their reaction toward the experiment and the coworkers. Finally, we use virtual noises as indicators to record participants' attack behaviors after being through social exclusion. The objects were university students aged over 20 s, chosen from where the researcher serves. As of May 20, 2016, 60 participants completed the experiment, an half of each gender, age from 20 to 24. The outcome showed participants could easily sense rejection and collapsing value of themselves from colluders. During the research, all joiners after suffering social exclusion attacked colluders by giving bad grades; however, over an half (56.3%) chose noises as their attack tools. The progress of this study caused the effect of ＂relief of attack motivation＂ and the point of view of ＂socially-accepted motivation＂ built up a bridge to the literature.