「六四天安門事件」前後的習近平――從『擺脫貧困』一書研析地區黨委員會書記時代之習近平的政治理論（Up and Out of Poverty: Xi Jinping's Political Thought as Local Party Leader of during the Tiananmen Era）

「六・四」天安門事件前後の習近平–『擺脱貧困』に見る地区党委員会書記時代の 政治論–

本文欲以習近平之著述『擺脫貧困』（福建人民出版社，初版1992年）為主要研究文獻，研析時任福建省寧德地區地方黨委員會書記（1988～90年）的習近平之政治理論。中國寧德地區為周知的貧瘠區域，習近平為促進該區經濟發展，提倡經濟發展中心主義。這樣的思路依據是追求富國強兵，強烈的民族主義教條之下的產物。另一方面，若以「領袖論」分析，可解釋為是基於「紅二代」嫡系正統性的使命感，近似宗教理論中，神的子民的選民意識的使命感。1989年六四天安門事件爆發之際，習近平將其理解為近似於文革時期的紅衛兵運動，認為其訴求為漸進式、階段性的政治發展，法治建設的重要性。習近平也從此事件銘記深刻教訓，即腐敗將造成民心背離的致命危機。同時，習近平的腦海所浮現的是毛澤東和黃炎培的『窯洞對』，而這段對話對習近平的政治認知至今有著象徵性的意義。 This article examines Xi Jinping's personal political beliefs by analysing his political discourse during the Tiananmen era (1988-1990) as showcased in his first personal monograph, Up and Out of Poverty (擺脫貧困). As local party secretary in Ningde District in Fujian Province, Xi's pro-development policies to address notoriously poor local socio-economic conditions evince a strong nationalist sentiment to create a strong and prosperous China. Xi's commentary on political leadership during this period likewise reveals a deep sense of purpose under and attachment to the CCP regime, due to his family ties to the first generation of CCP elites. Subsequently, Xi opposed the mass democratic movement culminating in the Tiananmen Square Incident in June 1989 and instead emphasized a gradual and phased course of political reform, perceiving protestors' bottom-up political pressures as a repeat of the chaotic Cultural Revolution. For Xi, Tiananmen exposed the dangers of political corruption for the CCP's political legitimacy. In this vein, Xi closely study the phenomenon of dynastic change throughout Chinese political history and related commentary, particularly focusing on Mao Zedong and Huang Yanpei's 1945 “Yaodong Dialogue” (窯洞對). Such concerns over political upheaval have formed one of the cornerstones of Xi's political thought and behavior as President.

This article examines Xi Jinping's personal political beliefs by analysing his political discourse during the Tiananmen era (1988-1990) as showcased in his first personal monograph, Up and Out of Poverty (擺脫貧困). As local party secretary in Ningde District in Fujian Province, Xi's pro-development policies to address notoriously poor local socio-economic conditions evince a strong nationalist sentiment to create a strong and prosperous China. Xi's commentary on political leadership during this period likewise reveals a deep sense of purpose under and attachment to the CCP regime, due to his family ties to the first generation of CCP elites. Subsequently, Xi opposed the mass democratic movement culminating in the Tiananmen Square Incident in June 1989 and instead emphasized a gradual and phased course of political reform, perceiving protestors' bottom-up political pressures as a repeat of the chaotic Cultural Revolution. For Xi, Tiananmen exposed the dangers of political corruption for the CCP's political legitimacy. In this vein, Xi closely study the phenomenon of dynastic change throughout Chinese political history and related commentary, particularly focusing on Mao Zedong and Huang Yanpei's 1945 “Yaodong Dialogue” (窯洞對). Such concerns over political upheaval have formed one of the cornerstones of Xi's political thought and behavior as President.