安倍政權下的農業政策之實踐（Development of Agricultural Policy under the Abe Administration）

安倍政権下の農業政策の展開

本文分析安倍經濟學當中的農業改革動向，以及在此背景下的政治、經濟因素。安倍政權以農業轉型成為收益性高的產業為目的，把農業定位在成長策略中的重要領域。安倍經濟學下的農業政策，可簡要概括為以下幾項：（1）重新檢討稻米的生產調整政策（2）農業委員會、農業生產法人、農業協同組合（合作社）之整合性的改革（3）生乳之流通及補助金制度的改革（4）建構在國內和國外之價值鏈（農業生產者進入參與加工、流通之過程，擴大農產品出口）。有關安倍政權的農業改革之評價，依不同領域而有所差異。在農業委員會或農業協同組合的改革方面雖有進展，然而稻米的生產調整相關改革則較未有所突破。JA 農協的改革是最為重要的成果。政治環境的改變及官邸的領導力對於農業改革有所貢獻，但是農業改革才剛起步，為了達成活化農業之目標，仍有許多的課題還有待克服。 This paper analyzes agricultural reforms under “Abenomics” economicpolicy program and the factors behind the political and economic changes.The Abe administration has identified agriculture as a key area for economicgrowth, conducting structural reforms with the aim of transformingagriculture into a highly profitable industry.The policy directions for agriculture under Abenomics can besummarized as follows: (1) reviewing the rice production adjustment policy;(2) undertaking integrated reforms of agricultural committees, agriculturalproduction corporations, and agricultural cooperative associations; (3)expanding distribution channels for dairy products; and (4) building domesticas well as international value chains (promoting primary producers’diversification into processing and distribution processes, and increasingagricultural exports).The evaluation of agricultural reforms in the Abe administration variesdepending on the area. Reforms of the agricultural policy on rice productionhas not made much progress, whereas reforms of agricultural committees andcooperatives show some improvement. The JA (Japan AgriculturalCooperatives) reform is the most significant achievement. Changes in thepolitical environment and leadership of the Prime Minister’s Office have contributed to some progress in agricultural reforms, though these reformshave just begun, and there are still many challenges to be solved in order tomake the agricultural sector more active.

This paper analyzes agricultural reforms under “Abenomics” economicpolicy program and the factors behind the political and economic changes.The Abe administration has identified agriculture as a key area for economicgrowth, conducting structural reforms with the aim of transformingagriculture into a highly profitable industry.The policy directions for agriculture under Abenomics can besummarized as follows: (1) reviewing the rice production adjustment policy;(2) undertaking integrated reforms of agricultural committees, agriculturalproduction corporations, and agricultural cooperative associations; (3)expanding distribution channels for dairy products; and (4) building domesticas well as international value chains (promoting primary producers’diversification into processing and distribution processes, and increasingagricultural exports).The evaluation of agricultural reforms in the Abe administration variesdepending on the area. Reforms of the agricultural policy on rice productionhas not made much progress, whereas reforms of agricultural committees andcooperatives show some improvement. The JA (Japan AgriculturalCooperatives) reform is the most significant achievement. Changes in thepolitical environment and leadership of the Prime Minister’s Office have contributed to some progress in agricultural reforms, though these reformshave just begun, and there are still many challenges to be solved in order tomake the agricultural sector more active.