硬皮橘（Bael, Aegle marmelos L.）種子蛋白濃縮物之營養價值、脂肪酸、氨基酸及功能特性   全文下載

Nutritional Quality, Fatty Acids, Amino Acids and Functional Characteristics of Bael (Aegle marmelos L.) Seed Protein Concentrate

本研究評估分析硬皮橘（bael, Aegle marmelos L.）種子蛋白濃縮物（bael seed protein concentrate, BSPC）之一般成分、礦物質和氨基酸組成、氮萃取率及其他功能特性。每100 g BSPC之蛋白質含量為70.8 g。鈣，磷含量豐富。BSM（bael seed meal）脂質不飽和脂肪酸高達75%。BSPC含有豐富的人體必需氨基酸。BSPC和水1：40（w/v）的比率，氮的萃取率較高，萃取時間40分鐘。pH值4和12時，氮萃取率分別為最低和最高，前者每100 g蛋白質可得氮14 g，後者達97 g。pH值4 - 10時，添加氯化鈉（0.1和0.5 M），氮的萃取率會增加。pH值5.5時，蛋白質沉澱率最高（90 g/100 g蛋白質）。SDS-PAGE實驗顯示BSM和BSPC含分子量自205至12 kDa的不同多胜?。BSPC具低保水和高保油性，起泡性及泡沫穩定等特質。等溫吸附研究顯示BSPC屬非吸濕性物質。"

Studies were carried out on bael (Aegle marmelos L.) seed protein concentrate (BSPC) to evaluate the proximate, mineral and amino acid composition, nitrogen extractability and functional properties. The protein content was found to be 70.8 g/100 g BSPC. Calcium and phosphorus were observed in major quantities. The bael seed meal (BSM) lipid is found to be rich in unsaturated fatty acids (75%). Essential amino acids occurred in good quantities in BSPC. Nitrogen extractability of BSPC in water was found to be higher at 1 : 40 (w/v) ratio and an extraction time of 40 min. Minimum nitrogen extractability (14 g/100 g protein) and maximum extractability (97 g/100 g protein) were observed at pH 4 and 12, respectively. In the presence of sodium chloride (0.1 and 0.5 M), the nitrogen extract-ability was found to be increased between pH 4 - 10. Protein precipitability was maximum (90 g/100 g protein) at pH 5.5. SDS-PAGE of BSM and BSPC showed different polypeptides with molecular weights from 205 kDa to 12 kDa. The lower water holding capacity and higher oil holding capacity, foam capacity and foam stability were noted in BSPC. The sorption isotherm studies showed that the BSPC was non-hygroscopic in nature.