臺灣毒品嫌疑犯及其濫用藥物特性探討   全文下載

Drug Use and Profile of Individuals Arrested on Drug-related Charges in Taiwan

本研究以REMEDi HS藥物廣篩儀檢驗於91年1至7月自臺灣12縣市毒品嫌疑犯抽樣931件尿液檢體，並收集對應嫌疑犯特性項目資料，加以分析探討。結果總陽性率為74%，共檢出39種藥物。鴉片類及安非他命類為主要濫用藥物項目，檢出率各為40%及38%，各縣市均有發現、使用者年齡分布自12歲至57歲、男性為女性的5倍以上、九成以上嫌犯於居住場所及街道被捕、大多教育程度在國中以下、且許多為再犯及累犯。相對而言，所謂的俱樂部藥物（MDMA及Ketamine），檢出率較低，各為10%及5%，使用者特性與鴉片類及安非他命類使用者差異極大，大多在27歲以下、教育程度較高、男女性別比較低（< 3.5）、僅在四個都會區縣市發現、大多於娛樂場所被捕、許多為初犯。苯二氮平類亦為常檢出藥物，檢出率為18%，使用者特性與鴉片類及安非他命類使用者相似，但該藥物亦佔娛樂場所被捕者檢出藥物品項相當比例（14%）。

A total of 931 urine specimens and associated donor profile data resulting from drug-related arrests made between January and July 2002 were collected from 12 cities/counties throughout Taiwan. Urine specimens were screened on a REMEDi HS drug profiling system. Drug use findings and profile data were subjected to pattern analysis. Results indicated a drug positive rate of 74%, with 39 drugs identified. Opiates and amphetamines were the major drugs of abuse, with detection rate of 40% and 38%, respectively. Drug users were found in all age categories (from 12 to 57 years old), and were predominantly male (M/F ratio > 5). Most arrests were made in residences or along roadways (92%-95% of total arrests). A large number of those arrested had quit school before completing junior high school and many had records of multiple arrests. By contrast, club drugs (MDMA/ketamine) were found in our sample group at lower rates (10% and 5%, respectively). Club drug users tended to be younger (mostly under 27 years old), better educated, and with a smaller gender gap (M/F ratio < 3.5). Club drug users were identified only in four relatively urbanized cities/counties and many arrests were for first offenses. Benzodiazepines (BZ) were found throughout the sample, with a detection rate of 18%. The profile identified for BZ users is similar to that of opiate and amphetamine users, although a higher ratio of BZ users (14%) were arrested in recreational places.