台灣地區咖啡、榖類、紅酒及啤酒中之赭麴毒素A含量調查   全文下載

Ochratoxin A Contamination in Coffees, Cereals, Red Wines and Beers in Taiwan

本研究應用含有赭麴毒素A（OTA）抗體之免疫親和性管柱淨化，以高效液相層析儀分析，並以化學衍生法及串聯式液相層析質譜儀確認咖啡、榖類、紅酒及啤酒中之OTA。結果對咖啡、榖類、紅酒及啤酒中OTA之偵測極限分別為0.1 、0.3 、0.2 ppb 。OTA之回收率試驗，結果顯示於咖啡中添加2 、4 、8 ppb 之回收率分別為97.2 ± 4.9% 、97.3 ± 3.1% 、95.4 ± 0.4% ，於榖類中添加0.3 、3 、5 ppb 之回收率則分別為89.6 ± 5.1% 、99.6± 1.4% 、90.2 ± 1.4% ，於紅酒及啤酒中添加0.2 、1 、3 ppb 之回收率分別為91.9 ±6.6%、99.4±6.1%、90.7 ±0.6%。檢測51 件市售咖啡、114 件榖類（75 件為米及米製品， 39 件為麵粉及麵粉製品）、10 件紅酒及18 件啤酒樣品共193 件之OTA含量，結果於咖啡中檢出13 件（25%），紅酒中檢出5 件（50%），麵粉及麵粉製品中中檢出2 件（5%），檢出量介於0.1~0.5 ppb 之間。根據「1993~1996 國民營養健康狀況變遷調查結果」之資料，以國人各類食品攝取量及赭麴毒素A平均污染量概算成人OTA可能攝食量，遠低於歐盟建議之每日攝食容許量（5 ng/kg bw）或JECFA建議之每週攝食容許量（100 ng/ kg bw）。

The determination of ochratoxin A (OTA) was performed using immunoaffinity column for cleanup, HPLC for quantification and chemical derivation and LC-electrospray tandem mass spectrometry for confirmation. The detection limits for coffees, cereals and red wines and beers were 0.1, 0.3 and 0.2 ppb, respectively. The recoveries of OTA from coffees were 97.2 ± 4.9, 97.3 ± 3.1 and 95.4 ± 0.4% at 2, 4 and 8 ppb spiked levels, respectively. Spiked 0.3, 3 and 5 ppb OTA in cereals (mainly rice and wheat based food), the recoveries were 89.6 ± 5.1, 99.6 ± 1.4 and 90.2 ± 1.4%. The recoveries of red wines and beers were 91.9 ± 6.6. 99.4 ± 6.1 and 90.7 ± 0.6% at 0.2, 1 and 3 ppb spiked levels, respectively. In order to survey the OTA contents in daily diet in Taiwan, 51 samples of coffee, 114 samples of cereal (75 were rice or rice based samples and the rest were wheat flour or wheat based samples), and 10 samples of red wine and 18 samples of beer were analyzed. The results showed that OTA was detected in 13 (25%) coffee samples, 5 (50%) red wine samples and 2 (5%) wheat flour and wheat flour based samples at 0.1~0.5 ppb levels. According to the “Nutrition and Health Survey in Taiwan 1993~1996”, the OTA consumption of adults were much lower than the established tolerable daily intake (TDI) of 5 ng/kg bw (European Commission) or tolerable weekly intake (TWI) of 100 ng/kg bw (JECFA).