樟芝菌絲體與子實體對酒精誘發之急性肝損傷之保護作用   全文下載

The Protection of Anthrodia camphorata against Acute Hepatotoxicity of Alcohol in Rats

樟芝Antrodia camphorata為台灣特有的野生真菌，在民間流傳具有保肝作用，特別是有解酒及解宿醉的功能。然而文獻中尚無有關樟芝防止酒精對肝傷害的報導。本研究將Wistar大鼠（180-200 g） 先餵食樟芝菌絲體及子實體9天後，以酒精注射大鼠一次（5.5 g／kg），以測試樟芝之保肝效果。大鼠共分為8組，A（ 正常）組：不餵食樟芝，以0.9% NaCl代替酒精；B（酒精）組：以saline代替樟芝；C 組silymarin 200 mg／kg；D組：低劑量組菌絲體（0.5 glkg bw）；E組：高劑量菌絲體組（1.0 g／kg）；F組：低劑量子實體（0.5 g／kg bw）；G組：高劑量子實體（1.0 g／kg）；以及H組：高劑量菌絲體（1.0 g／kg），以0.9% NaCl代替酒精；除A及H組外，其餘均注射酒精。結果顯示注射酒精使GOT與GPT指數顯著高於正常組（p < 0.01），而菌絲體及子實體均能顯著降低GOT及GPT，但無顯著的劑量效應。在抗氧化酵素方面，酒精處理會促進catalase與superoxide dismutase的活性，但對GSH peroxidase活性則無顯著影響。餵食菌絲體與子實體能完全抑制SOD與catalase升高之現象。thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances （TBARS，為脂質過氧化指標）與protein carbonyls（為蛋白質氧化傷害之指標）之測定結果顯示樟芝菌絲體與子實體能顯著降低脂質及蛋白質之氧化傷害。H & E stain切片染色結果亦顯示樟芝菌絲體與子實體則能明顯改善酒精所造成的肝結構破壞，且其改善效果有劑量的效應。因此，本研究證實樟芝菌絲體與子實體具有降低酒精所誘發之急性肝損傷之功能，而其保護機制可能與其抗氧化能力有關。

Antrodia camphorata is a unique mushroom of Taiwan and has been used as a folk medicine for protection against liver damage induced by alcohol intoxication. However, no report has been presented in this respect. In this rat study, we examined whether the mycelium and sporocarp of Antrodia camphorata protect against acute liver damage induced by ethanol (EtOH). Rats were orally administered with mycelium and sporocarp of Antrodia camphorata for 9 days before EtOH challenge (5.5 g/kg body wt., i.p.). Rats were divided into eight groups (A-H) and except for groups A and H, all rats were injected with alcohol. A: Control; B: EtOH control: C: Silymarin (250 mg/kg bw., p.o.); D: 0.5 g mycelium/kg; E: 1.0 g mycelium/kg; F: 0.5 g sporocarp/kg; G: 1.0 g sporocarp/kg; and H: 1.0 g mycelium/kg. The results showed that EtOH administration markedly increased the activities of glutamate-pyruvate aminotransferase (GPT) and glutamate-oxaloacetate aminotransferase (GOT). Both mycelium and sporocarp of Antrodia camphorata significantly decreased the activity of GOT and GPT, but the effects were not dose-dependent. Mycelium and sporocarp of Antrodia camphorata also significantly and dose-dependently decreased lipid peroxidation (measured as TBARS) induced by EtOH. EtOH treatment significantly increased the activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase, but did not significantly affect the activity of glutathione peroxidase. Pre-treatment with either the mycelium or the sporocarp completely prevented the rise in the activity of SOD and catalase. The histopathological examination revealed that both mycelium and sporocarp markedly protected against lipid vacuole accumulation and hydropic degeneration of hepatocytes induced by EtOH. Thus, the present results demonstrated that both mycelium and sporocarp of Antrodia camphorata protect against acute liver damage induced by EtOH. In addition, rats fed 1.0 g mycelium without EtOH treatment produced no observable toxicity during the experimental period. 樟芝Antrodia camphorata為台灣特有的野生真菌，在民間流傳具有保肝作用，特別是有解酒及解宿醉的功能。然而文獻中尚無有關樟芝防止酒精對肝傷害的報導。本研究將Wistar大鼠（180-200 g） 先餵食樟芝菌絲體及子實體9天後，以酒精注射大鼠一次（5.5 g／kg），以測試樟芝之保肝效果。大鼠共分為8組，A（ 正常）組：不餵食樟芝，以0.9% NaCl代替酒精；B（酒精）組：以saline代替樟芝；C 組silymarin 200 mg／kg；D組：低劑量組菌絲體（0.5 glkg bw）；E組：高劑量菌絲體組（1.0 g／kg）；F組：低劑量子實體（0.5 g／kg bw）；G組：高劑量子實體（1.0 g／kg）；以及H組：高劑量菌絲體（1.0 g／kg），以0.9% NaCl代替酒精；除A及H組外，其餘均注射酒精。結果顯示注射酒精使GOT與GPT指數顯著高於正常組（p < 0.01），而菌絲體及子實體均能顯著降低GOT及GPT，但無顯著的劑量效應。在抗氧化酵素方面，酒精處理會促進catalase與superoxide dismutase的活性，但對GSH peroxidase活性則無顯著影響。餵食菌絲體與子實體能完全抑制SOD與catalase升高之現象。thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances （TBARS，為脂質過氧化指標）與protein carbonyls（為蛋白質氧化傷害之指標）之測定結果顯示樟芝菌絲體與子實體能顯著降低脂質及蛋白質之氧化傷害。H & E stain切片染色結果亦顯示樟芝菌絲體與子實體則能明顯改善酒精所造成的肝結構破壞，且其改善效果有劑量的效應。因此，本研究證實樟芝菌絲體與子實體具有降低酒精所誘發之急性肝損傷之功能，而其保護機制可能與其抗氧化能力有關。