台灣養殖地區牡蠣／蚵螺累積與去除三丁基錫／三苯基錫之研究   全文下載

Bioaccumulation and Elimination of Tributyltin and Triphenyltin in Oysters and Rock Shells in Taiwan

在台灣北部（香山：24°46'02' N, 120°54'05' E）與南部（七股：23°03'45' N, 120°04'37'E）養殖地區採集牡蠣（Crassostrea gigas）與蚵螺（Thais clavigera）後，送至水試所東港分所進行四組不同濃度三丁基錫（TBT）與三苯基錫（TPhT）之養殖試驗[A組，控制組；B組，0.40 μg.TBT／L；C組，0.40 μg-TPhT／L；D組，（0.20 μg-TBT + 0.20 μg-TPhT）／L]。牡蠣養殖15、30、45及60天後與蚵螺養殖59，73及92天後，立即分析TBT與TPhT濃度（均以乾重表示）。牡蠣在養殖的，30，45及60天試驗中，未發現雌雄肉體；至於蚵螺，養殖92天後，在B組中，僅有雄性蚵螺（TBT量高達2188 ± 21 ng／g）存活；在C組中，蚵螺雄性（TPhT量高達2013 ± 17 ng／g）與雌性（TPhT量高達2107 ± 30 ng／g）皆存活。無論雄性、雌性或性變異蚵螺均未發現TBT與TPhT去除現象；該現象在雄性與雌性牡蠣較為明顯。累積TBT速率以雄性牡蠣（10.7 ng／g／day）與雄性蚵螺（55.5 ng／g／day）最高；累積TPhT速率以雌性牡蠣（14.5 ng／g／day）與雌性蚵螺（27.1ng／g／day）最高；性變異蚵螺TBT與TPhT最高累積速率分別為20.0 ng／g／day與24.6 ng／g／day，本文乃由養殖試驗結果，探討牡蠣與蚵螺累積與去除TBT及TPhT，以及其與性別（雄性、雌性、雌雄同體及性變異）之相互關係。"

Bioaccumulation and elimination of tributyltin (TBT) and triphenyltin (TPhT) in different culture mediums (A, control; B, 0.40 µg- TBT/L; C, 0.40 µgTPhT/L; and D, 0.20 µg-TBT/L + 0.20 (gTPhT/L) for 15, 30, 45 and 60 days in oysters (Crassostrea gigas) and for 59, 73 and 92 days in rock shells (Thais clavigera) have been carried out at Tungkang Marine Laboratory. The test animals were collected from the northern (Shiangsan: 24û46’02” N, 120û54’05” E) and southern (Chiku: 23û03’ 45” N, 120û04’37” E) oyster mariculture areas on the west coast of Taiwan in August 2000. Results indicated that no hermaphroditic oyster was observed when cultured in different TBT and TPhT mediums for 60 days. For rock shells, after 92 days, only male (TBT, 2188 ± 21 ng/g) survived in medium B; while both females (TPhT, 2107 ± 30 ng/g) and males (TPhT, 2013 ± 17 ng/g) were found in medium C. No elimination of TBT and TPhT in imposex, female and male rock shells were observed while such elimination was found in both female and male oysters. High bioaccumulation rates of TBT in male (oyster, 10.7 ng/g/day; rock shells, 55.5 ng/g/day) and that of TPhT in female (oysters, 14.5 ng/g/day; rock shells, 27.1 ng/g/day) as well as high rates of TBT (20.0 ng/g/day) and TPhT (24.6 ng/g/day) in imposex rock shells were observed. Some experimental results on the effects of bioaccumulation and elimination of TBT and TPhT on sexual characteristics (male, female, imposex or hermaphroditic) of rock shells and oysters were discussed and evaluated. 在台灣北部（香山：24°46'02' N, 120°54'05' E）與南部（七股：23°03'45' N, 120°04'37'E）養殖地區採集牡蠣（Crassostrea gigas）與蚵螺（Thais clavigera）後，送至水試所東港分所進行四組不同濃度三丁基錫（TBT）與三苯基錫（TPhT）之養殖試驗[A組，控制組；B組，0.40 µg.TBT／L；C組，0.40 µg-TPhT／L；D組，（0.20 µg-TBT + 0.20 µg-TPhT）／L]。牡蠣養殖15、30、45及60天後與蚵螺養殖59，73及92天後，立即分析TBT與TPhT濃度（均以乾重表示）。牡蠣在養殖的，30，45及60天試驗中，未發現雌雄肉體；至於蚵螺，養殖92天後，在B組中，僅有雄性蚵螺（TBT量高達2188 ± 21 ng／g）存活；在C組中，蚵螺雄性（TPhT量高達2013 ± 17 ng／g）與雌性（TPhT量高達2107 ± 30 ng／g）皆存活。無論雄性、雌性或性變異蚵螺均未發現TBT與TPhT去除現象；該現象在雄性與雌性牡蠣較為明顯。累積TBT速率以雄性牡蠣（10.7 ng／g／day）與雄性蚵螺（55.5 ng／g／day）最高；累積TPhT速率以雌性牡蠣（14.5 ng／g／day）與雌性蚵螺（27.1ng／g／day）最高；性變異蚵螺TBT與TPhT最高累積速率分別為20.0 ng／g／day與24.6 ng／g／day，本文乃由養殖試驗結果，探討牡蠣與蚵螺累積與去除TBT及TPhT，以及其與性別（雄性、雌性、雌雄同體及性變異）之相互關係。