Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids（吡咯烷士啶生物鹼）－－中草藥與膳食補充品之致癌成分   全文下載

Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids - Tumorigenic Components in Chinese Herbal Medicines and Dietary Supplements

雖然中國及其他亞洲國家長久以來使用傳統中藥治療疾病，且近年來西方國家亦用於新藥開發或供機能食品與膳食補充品使用，然對其品質保證及毒性之研究尚嫌不足。?咯烷士啶生物鹼（Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids）為肝毒性及致腫瘤性之化合物，某些中草藥及膳食補充品已證實含有該等生物鹼。本文將簡介產於中國大陸含此類生物鹼之中草藥，以及此類化合物之毒性、基因毒性與致腫瘤性。文中亦將介紹其代謝途徑，尤其導致基因毒性之活化途徑。最近其致毒機制研究顯示?咯烷士啶生物鹼（Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids）之致腫瘤性，係經由形成6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-l-hydroxymethyl-SH-pyrrolizine （DHP）所衍生之DNA加成物導致基因毒性機制。大部分?咯烷士啶生物鹼（Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids）其致癌性屬此類機制，本文並將對未來研究方向提供建議。"

Traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) has long been used for treating illness in China and other Asian countries, and recently used by the Western countries in several different ways, either for new drug development, or as functional foods and dietary supplements. However, quality assurance and health adverse effects of the herbal plants have not been well studied. Pyrrolizidine alkaloids, a class of hepatotoxic and tumorigenic compounds, have been detected in herbal plants and dietary supplements. In this review, the sources of the pyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing Chinese herbal plants in China and the toxicity, genotoxicity, and tumorigenicity of these compounds are discussed. The metabolic pathways, particularly the activation pathways leading to genotoxicity, are discussed. Recent mechanistic studies indicate that pyrrolizidine alkaloids induce tumors via a genotoxic mechanism mediated by 6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-1-hydroxymethyl- 5H-pyrrolizine (DHP)-derived DNA adduct formation. This mechanism may be general to most carcinogenic pyrrolizidine alkaloids. Perspectives are included for suggestion of directions of future research. 雖然中國及其他亞洲國家長久以來使用傳統中藥治療疾病，且近年來西方國家亦用於新藥開發或供機能食品與膳食補充品使用，然對其品質保證及毒性之研究尚嫌不足。吡咯烷士啶生物鹼（Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids）為肝毒性及致腫瘤性之化合物，某些中草藥及膳食補充品已證實含有該等生物鹼。本文將簡介產於中國大陸含此類生物鹼之中草藥，以及此類化合物之毒性、基因毒性與致腫瘤性。文中亦將介紹其代謝途徑，尤其導致基因毒性之活化途徑。最近其致毒機制研究顯示吡咯烷士啶生物鹼（Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids）之致腫瘤性，係經由形成6,7-dihydro-7-hydroxy-l-hydroxymethyl-SH-pyrrolizine （DHP）所衍生之DNA加成物導致基因毒性機制。大部分吡咯烷士啶生物鹼（Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids）其致癌性屬此類機制，本文並將對未來研究方向提供建議。