台灣地區使用之濫用藥物種類   全文下載

Drugs of Abuse Pattern in Taiwan

本研究探討台灣地區濫用藥物使用的種類及頻率。從台北、台中、高雄及花蓮地區自1997年二月至1998年一月共收集警察單位送驗後之剩餘檢體共4255件，2000年10月從台北及花蓮各再收集100件，皆以酵素免疫檢驗法篩檢八種常見的濫用藥物：安非他命類、巴比妥酸鹽類、苯二氮平（Benzodiazepine）、古柯鹼、大麻、美沙冬、鴉片類及天使塵（PCP）。結果發現各種濫用藥物之陽性率如下：安非他命類79.5%，鴉片類37.9%，苯二氮平22.1%，巴比妥酸鹽類1%，美沙冬0.4%，其餘藥物很少測出。台灣最主要的濫用藥物仍是安非他命類（甲基安非他命），其次是鴉片類。國外流行的大麻及古柯鹼則幾乎沒有，但是屬於安眠鎮靜劑的苯二氮平類藥物之陽性率高達22.1%，值得注意。我們也比較三種不同的安非他命類及鴉片類免疫檢驗試劑。三種不同的免疫檢驗試劑（DRI、Syva及TDx）都合乎需求。 Methamphetamine and heroin are the two most important drugs of abuse in Taiwan. In order to investigate whether other drugs are also abused here, we collected samples from high-risk groups. To study whether the pattern of drugs abuse varies with different geological location , we collected samples from Taipei (north), Taichung (central), Kaoshiung (south) and Hualien (east), representing four different locations in Taiwan. A total of 4255 samples were collected from February 1997 to January 1998. Another 100 samples were collected from Taipei and Hualien on October 2000. Samples were screened with DRI enzyme immunoassay (based on the principle of Emit ) to detect 8 different drugs of abuse. The positive rates are as follows ; Amphetamines 79.5%, Opiates 37.9%, Benzodiazepines 22.1%, Barbiturates 1%, Methadone 0.4%, PCP and the two most common drugs of abuse in Western society, marijuana and cocaine, were not detected."

Methamphetamine and heroin are the two most important drugs of abuse in Taiwan. In order to investigate whether other drugs are also abused here, we collected samples from high-risk groups. To study whether the pattern of drugs abuse varies with different geological location , we collected samples from Taipei (north), Taichung (central), Kaoshiung (south) and Hualien (east), representing four different locations in Taiwan. A total of 4255 samples were collected from February 1997 to January 1998. Another 100 samples were collected from Taipei and Hualien on October 2000. Samples were screened with DRI enzyme immunoassay (based on the principle of Emit) to detect 8 different drugs of abuse. The positive rates are as follows ; Amphetamines 79.5%, Opiates 37.9%, Benzodiazepines 22.1%, Barbiturates 1%, Methadone 0.4%, PCP and the two most common drugs of abuse in Western society, marijuana and cocaine, were not detected.