評估以改良式四種培養基檢測法篩檢豬肉抗生物質殘留之可行性   全文下載

Evaluating the Applicability of the Modified Four-Plate Test on the Determination of Antimicrobial Agent Residues in Pork

本研究於民國86年1月至6月間，針對台灣區上市前之豬屠體進行抗生素殘留情況之調查；經台北縣、台中縣、高雄縣等19個縣市之家畜疾病防治所檢驗員至肉品市場採豬屠體共1022件，以改良式四種培養基檢測法做初步篩檢肉中抗生物質殘留情形。改良式四種培養基檢測法係檢測生物制菌圈，四種培養基中有二種培養基菌層為枯草桿菌，其pH分別為6.0及8.0，第三種培養基菌層為仙人掌桿菌，第四種培養基菌層為卵黃色八聯球菌。生豬肉中四環素類抗生素殘留以生物分析法、生物自析鑑別法定量及定性分析。另從1022件樣品中隨機抽樣以酵素免疫分析方法檢測鏈黴素、氯黴素，再以HPLC方法定量。檢測結果豬肉抗生物質陽性率0.1%，四環素類殘留率4.11%，氯黴素殘留率0.64%，鏈黴素殘留率0%。由本研究顯示出改良式四種培養基檢測法為一種不用昂貴儀器或複雜方法，比目前台灣以CNS5916方法或歐聯新近發展之四種培養基檢測法可檢出更多之抗生素及更靈敏之感度，故建議改良式四種培養基檢測法可取代目前CNS5916方法或歐聯之四種培養基檢測法。

The antibiotic residues in 1,022 pork carcass samples, which were collected from 19 areas in Taipei, Taichung and Kaohsiung counties between January and June, 1997, were systematically investigated using a modified four-plate test (MFPT). Four culture media inoculated with 3 strains of bacteria were used; two were inoculated with Bacillus subtilis at pH 6.0 and pH 8.0, and the third and fourth were inoculated with Bacillus cereus and Sarcina lutea, respectively. The identification and quantification of tetracycline residues in the raw meat was performed by bioassay and bioautography. Streptomycin and chloramphenicol in pork carcasses were screened by ELISA and further quantified using the HPLC method. Results showed that using the CNS 5916 method, only 1 out of 1,022 test samples (0.1%) was detected to contain an antimicrobial agent. While using the MFPT method, 4.11% and 0.64% test samples were found to contain tetracycline and streptomycin residues, respectively. No chloramphenicol residue was detected in any tested samples. It was concluded that the MFPT method is practical, sensitive, less expensive, and simple as compared to the CNS 5916 and FPT methods, which are routinely used in Taiwan and the European Community, respectively. MFTP is therefore recommended as an official method to assay the antimicrobial agents in foods. 本研究於民國86年1月至6月間，針對台灣區上市前之豬屠體進行抗生素殘留情況之調查；經台北縣、台中縣、高雄縣等19個縣市之家畜疾病防治所檢驗員至肉品市場採豬屠體共1022件，以改良式四種培養基檢測法做初步篩檢肉中抗生物質殘留情形。改良式四種培養基檢測法係檢測生物制菌圈，四種培養基中有二種培養基菌層為枯草桿菌，其pH分別為6.0及8.0，第三種培養基菌層為仙人掌桿菌，第四種培養基菌層為卵黃色八聯球菌。生豬肉中四環素類抗生素殘留以生物分析法、生物自析鑑別法定量及定性分析。另從1022件樣品中隨機抽樣以酵素免疫分析方法檢測鏈黴素、氯黴素，再以HPLC方法定量。檢測結果豬肉抗生物質陽性率0.1%，四環素類殘留率4.11%，氯黴素殘留率0.64%，鏈黴素殘留率0%。由本研究顯示出改良式四種培養基檢測法為一種不用昂貴儀器或複雜方法，比目前台灣以CNS5916方法或歐聯新近發展之四種培養基檢測法可檢出更多之抗生素及更靈敏之感度，故建議改良式四種培養基檢測法可取代目前CNS5916方法或歐聯之四種培養基檢測法。