市售中藥材基原之化學鑑別   全文下載

Identification by Chemical Analysis of the Botanical Sources of Commercial Samples of Chinese Herbal Drugs

市售中藥材的基原可藉高效液相層析儀或毛細電泳分析比較其中某些特殊成分而推定。麻黃素與偽麻黃素的比值可作為分辨不同麻黃品種的指標，該值在中麻黃遠小於1，但其他品種均大於1。生物鹼的總含量可用於判斷市售黃柏樣品的來源，台灣黃柏與日本黃柏均大於40 mg ／ g，但川黃柏與關黃柏則只有前述值的二分之一到三分之一。人參皂素，特別是Rb1，含量在各種人參樣品中有很大差異，三七人參與美國人參遠高於高麗人參。同樣方法可適用於黃連、芍藥、梔子、吳茱萸等藥材。

The botanical sources of Chinese herbal drugs in a number of commercial samples could be inferred by comparing the contents of some characteristic constituents which were analyzed with high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) or capillary electrophoresis (CE). The ratio of ephedrine/pseudoephedrine could be used as a marker to differentiate Ephedra intermedia from other species; the former is unique in having a value far less than unity. The total amounts of alkaloids in Phellodendron wilsonii and P. amurense var. sachalinense were more than 40 mg/g, which were two to three times more than in P. amurense and P. chinense. The contents of ginsenosides in Panax notoginseng and P. quinquefolia were generally higher than in P. ginseng, especially in the case of Rb1. 市售中藥材的基原可藉高效液相層析儀或毛細電泳分析比較其中某些特殊成分而推定。麻黃素與偽麻黃素的比值可作為分辨不同麻黃品種的指標，該值在中麻黃遠小於1，但其他品種均大於1。生物鹼的總含量可用於判斷市售黃柏樣品的來源，台灣黃柏與日本黃柏均大於40 mg ／ g，但川黃柏與關黃柏則只有前述值的二分之一到三分之一。人參皂素，特別是Rb1，含量在各種人參樣品中有很大差異，三七人參與美國人參遠高於高麗人參。同樣方法可適用於黃連、芍藥、梔子、吳茱萸等藥材。