市售乾酪之衛生狀況   全文下載

Hygienic Properties of Marketed Cheeses

本計畫自八十一年十月至八十二年四月間，由台北市十一家超市價購多種品牌之乾酪，共計107件樣品，檢驗項目包括物理性狀，pH值、水分含量、灰分、鹽分和鹽度，以及生菌數、黴菌及酵母菌、大腸桿菌群及大腸桿菌等衛生狀況。再製及天然乾酪之pH值分別為5.2至6.2及5.0至6.8，水分含量分別為25.82%至49.87%及14.75%至54.51%；灰分分別為4.02%至6.86%及2.90%至7.35%；鹽分分別為0.20%至2.63%及0.06%至3.35%；鹽度分別為0.63%至7.08%及0.20%至14.41%；生菌數分別在＜10至7.8 × 105及＜10至1.0 × 108 CFU／g之間；黴菌及酵母菌含量則分別在＜10至9.1 × 105及＜10至2.2 × 106 CFU／g之間；大腸桿菌群在一件再製乾酪有檢出，菌數為30 CFU／g；而大腸桿菌在所有樣品均為陰性。兩類乾酪在pH值、水分及灰分含量均有顯著性差異（p＜0.05），但菌數與上述各項物理特性之相關性低（r＜0.5）。

From October 1992 to April 1993, 107 samples of natural cheeses and processed cheeses, purchased from II supermarkets in Taipei, were analyzed for both physical and hygienic properties. Processed cheeses (PC) and natural cheeses (NC) showed the following properties: pH, 5.2 - 6.2 (PC), 5.0 - 6.8 (NC); moisture content, 25.82 - 49.87% (PC), 14.75 - 54.51% (NC); ash content, 4.02 - 6.86% (PC), 2.90 - 7.35% (NC); salt content, 0.20 - 2.63% (PC), 0.06 - 3.35% (NC); brine content, 0.63 - 7.08% (PC), 0.20 - 14.41% (NC). Total bacterial counts of these two categories ranged between <10- 7.8 X 105 CFU/g (PC) and <10 - 1.0 × 108 CFU/g (NC), and yeasts & molds, <10- 9.1 × 105 CFU/g (PC) and <10- 2.2 × 106 CFU/g (NC). E. coli was not detected in any of the samples, except one sample of processed cheese was contaminated with 30 CFU/g of coliform. There were significant differences in pH value) moisture and ash content (p<0.05) between processed cheese and natural cheese. No significant relationship was found between physical and hygienic properties (r<0.5).