食用魚肉引起之河魨毒中毒   全文下載

Tetrodotoxin-Associated Food Poisoning due to Ingesting Fish

1992年12月，臺灣花蓮地區發生一件食物中毒事件，其中毒原因為食用不明魚種所致，患者三名，其中一名孕婦患者死亡，另兩位小孩患者則治療後，痊癒出院。患者中毒症狀為嘔吐、噁心、口唇麻痺和呼吸困難。這些症狀與河魨毒相似，因此將患者所食之殘餘魚肉依河魨毒之毒性生物檢定法測其毒性，得知魚肉每公克具有150個老鼠單位之河魨毒毒性。進一步為鑑定食物之毒成分，乃將魚肉以1%醋酸甲醇溶液抽取後，經二氯甲烷脫脂、Diaflo YM-2濾膜超過濾和Bio-Gel P2管柱層析法精製，部分精製之毒素則以矽土膠體60 F254薄板之薄層色層分析、醋酸纖維片之電泳分析和AM-314分析管柱之逆相高效能液態層析儀分析，得知此魚肉中之毒素含有河魨毒和其關連物質脫羥河魨毒。綜合上述結果，得知本次食物中毒事件之原因物質乃為河魨毒所致。

A food poisoning incident due to ingestig some unknown fish occurred in Hualien County, Taiwan, in December, 1992. Three persons were poisoned having symptoms which were marked by severe numbness of the lips, vomiting and difficult breathing. One of the patients died the next day. The uneaten fish meat was analyzed for toxicity. Later the fish meat showed a high toxicity (150 mouse units per gram). The fish meat toxin was purified by Diaflo YM-2 membrane ultrafiltration and Bio-Gel P-2 chromatography. The purified toxin was shown to contain tetrodotoxin and anhydrotetrodotoxin by analyses of thin layer chromatography, electrophoresis and high performance liquid chromatography. The research, by analysis, disclosed the sole causative toxic agent to be tetetrodotoxin.