嬰兒乳粉與母乳中β－內醯胺抗生素及重金屬之調查   全文下載

Survey of β-Lactam Antibiotics and Heavy Metals in Infant Milk Powder and Human Milk

本研究係調查嬰兒乳粉及母乳中β－內醯胺抗生素（β-lactam antibiotics）及重金屬之污染畸形。抗生素之檢測係採用生物分析法（bioassay）-Bacillus stearothermophilus disc method；而重金屬則以原子吸收光譜儀（atomic absorption spectrophotometer）予以測定。調查結果顯示嬰兒乳粉中並無抗生素之檢出。而母乳中則有抗生素之殘留，在接受抗生素（ampicillin及supercillin）治療之22位產婦中，在分娩後第3、第7及第14天，抗生素之檢出率分別為84.6%、22.7%及9.1%，抗生素之濃度則介於0.014-0.686 IU／ml 之間。此結果顯示婦女育兒哺乳期間之用藥，需特別留心，以減少母乳中抗生素之污染，確保嬰兒的健康。至於重金屬方面，嬰兒乳粉中鉛、鎘、汞及砷的平均含量分別為0.008±0.019 ppm、0.005±0.007 ppm、0.006±0.008 ppm及2.155±3.380 ppb ，此結果顯示受調查之嬰兒乳粉重金屬的污染在正常範圍內。而母乳中鉛、鎘、汞及砷的平均含量分別為0.027±0.029 ppm、0.003±0.003 ppm、0.001±0.004 ppm及0.656±2.346 ppb，此顯示受調查的產婦其母乳中重金屬含量均在正常範圍之內。

The contents of β-lactam antibiotics (ampicillin and supercillin) and heavy metals in human milk and infant milk powders were surveyed in this study. The bioassay-Bacillus stearothermophilus disc method was used for the detection of the antibiotics, while heavy metals were determined by atomic absorption spectrophotomertry. Results showed that there was no detectable antibiotics in infant milk powders, but residues of β-lactam antibiotics were commonly found in human milk samples. For 22 women studied, 84.6%, 22.7% and 9.1% of their breast milk samples were found to contain β-lactam antibiotics (ranging from 0.014-0.686IU/ml) on the third, seventh and fourteenth day, respectively, after parturition with drug intake or injection. Therefore, more precaution should be exercised when ingesting antibiotics during the period of conception and nutsing. The average concentration of lead, cadmium, mercury and arsenic in infant milk powders was found to be 0.008±0.019 ppm, 0.005±0.007 ppm, 0.006±0.008 ppm and 2.155±3.380 ppb, respectively. Whereas the average concentration of these heavy metals in human milk samples was 0.027±0.029 ppm, 0.003±0.003 ppm, 0.001±0.004 ppm and 0.656±2.346 ppb. It was concluded that the contents of heavy metals in infant milk powders and human milk samples were in the normal range.