從遊於一方到安樂其所：明中篇傳奇小說愛情追求敘事試探

Narrating courting in romance novelettes of the Ming Dynasty

《國色天香》、《繡谷春容》、《萬錦情林》是三本明萬曆年間在南京、建陽出版的合刊傳奇小說。三書輯錄唐至明代，除少數為志怪、公案以外，大多為才子佳人、人神、人鬼愛情傳奇故事。本文以三書所輯錄之〈鍾情麗集〉、〈白生三妙傳〉、〈覓蓮傳記〉、〈浙湖三奇〉、〈天緣奇遇〉等中篇傳奇小說為材料，考查文中男性追求女性之敘事，包括男女交往歷程中之關健事件、出遊路徑、景點描繪等，透過敘事模式分析，辨明其中的轉變及蘊藏的文化意義。研究顯示明代中篇傳奇小說愛情追求敘事，有以下特點：追求過程較唐宋人之書寫踵事增華，包括遊於一方、館於一隅、登堂入室、指點迷津到衝出垣籬等事件。此外，唐、宋愛情傳奇有關路徑敘事，多據男女主角的離合，寫兩人在點與點之間的遷徙。而明中篇傳奇小說的愛情追求，少了地點移動的敘事，多才子從亭臺水榭一步一步進到佳人內院深閨的描繪。追求路徑，是一段由邊緣到中心，從開放景點到私密空間的歷程。其愛情追求的敘事中，園林建築及通幽路徑描寫，精工富麗，體現明人物質化生活的一面。而沈浸在其中的讀者，正是身分背景相仿，汲汲於功名的士子。讀書人閱讀才子佳人愛情故事時，投射出其追求愛情的心理。此為〈鍾情麗集〉、〈白生三妙傳〉、〈覓蓮傳記〉、〈浙湖三奇〉等故事，反覆被金陵、建陽書商輯入中篇傳奇小說合集之文化義涵。

Guosetianxiang, Xiuguchunrong and Wanjingqinglin are novelettes published during Wan-li period. There are different literary works including poetry, prose, fiction and bulletins. Generally speaking, romances are the main writing in these literary works. This thesis is focused on narrating courting in the romances to find out their changes and movements. Especially the writings are different in routes, sceneries, circumstances and other affairs between Wan-li period and Tan, Song romance. Descriptions about the courting between two lovers are more complex than before. They are changed from open to private areas, outdoors to indoors. Writing of the routes and buildings are increased. Attics, booths and bedrooms are so luxurious. The luxurious writing style represents the more materialized of the Wan-li period. And those who are involved in the romance novelettes are successful candidates in the highest imperial civil service examination. They enjoy reading love stories to release themselves from the stress of examination. In order to be consonant with the reading appetite of the successful candidates, the writing style is more luxurious and materialized in the romance works.