論質量保證期

The Quality Guarantee Period

品質保證期依託於買賣雙方約定的期限擔保合同或者條款而存在，保質期、保修期、“三包”期與品質保證期並不存在本質上的不同，屬於品質保證期在不同場合的不同稱呼。質量保證期的起算點為標的物被交付之日，其時長通過當事人的約定來確定，但在立法上規定了最低要求的，如“三包”期、保質期、保修期等，相關約定則不得低於該相關標準。其法律效力與瑕疵異議期相同，與瑕疵違約救濟權的生成有關，積極法律效力發生的條件應當僅為標的物在該期間之內出現了瑕疵。儘管瑕疵異議期與質量保證期的法律效力相同，但兩者在存在基礎、法律效力的實現條件及起算點、時長的確定等方面均存在不同，因此不能將兩者混同。由於訴訟時效的法律效力與瑕疵違約救濟權的行使而非瑕疵違約救濟權的生成有關，因此也不能將訴訟時效與質量保證期混同。

The quality guarantee period grows out of period of guarantee contract or clause. There is no essential difference among the shelf life, warranty period, the 'three guarantees' period and the quality guarantee period. Actually the shelf life, warranty period and the 'three guarantees' period are different name of the quality guarantee period in different situation. Its starting point is delivery day of the subject matter and its duration is confirmed by parties' agreements, but if legislations have minimum requirement, such as the 'three guarantees' period, warranty period and so on, the agreement should not be lower than the standard in legislations. Its legal force is the produce of relief rights as the same as the defective objection period's, whose occurred condition is only that defects turns up within the quality guarantee period. Although the he defective objection period and the quality guarantee period has the same legal force, they are different in the foundation for existence, the implementation condition of legal force, starting point and duration. Therefore, it is not right to confuse the quality guarantee period and the defective objection period. It is also not right to confuse the quality guarantee period and the prescription period, because the prescription period's legal force is concerned with the exertion of relief rights rather than the produce of relief rights.