探討慢性B、C 型肝炎患者之護理指導需求

The Needs for Nursing Instruction of Chronic Hepatitis B and C Patients

背景：慢性B、C 型肝炎患者因病情進展與治療過程，在生理、心理與社會之生活品質皆出現負面衝擊，需要護理人員提供護理指導。瞭解哪些指導內容與方式是個案所需要且期望的，才能提供合宜的護理指導。目的：探討慢性B、C 型肝炎患者，其護理指導需求內容與指導方式。方法：橫斷面調查性設計，經研究對象同意，填寫護理指導需求之結構式問卷。結果：B、C 型肝炎門診患者共收案101 位，研究對象之護理指導需求內容，以「營養及飲食之注意事項」之自我照護需求得分最高，其次為「疾病特性與檢查報告」之需求，最喜歡「現場個別口頭護理指導」的護理指導方式。基本屬性或疾病特性對於各項指導內容，無顯著性的影響，但性別、年齡、學歷、職業、慢性疾病及病毒肝炎種類，對「團體指導」及「資訊方式」的指導方法有差異。結論／實務應用：護理人員應對慢性B、C 型肝炎患者，提供以合乎其需求的內容及所期望的個別指導方式來執行護理指導。

Background: Disease progression and treatment usually lead to impaired quality of life in chronichepatitis B and C patients. Nursing instruction is crucial to improve chronic hepatitis B and C patient’squality of life. Understanding patient’s concerns and needs are essential in providing appropriateinstructions.Purpose: The objective of this research was to investigate the needs for nursing instruction in chronichepatitis B and C patients.Methods: We developed structured questionnaires with satisfactory validity and reliability to assess theneed for nursing instruction.Results: A total of 101 subjects were recruited. The highest mean score of the need for nursing instructionwas for “instruction on nutrition and diet”, followed by“disease characteristics and diagnostic testsfor chronic hepatitis”. The sex, age, education level, job, chronic disease, and viral genotype weresignificantly associated with “group instruction” and “informational model”.Conclusions/Implications for Practice: These findings can serve as a useful reference of needsassessment for nursing personnel in developing individualized nursing instruction to improve quality ofcare for chronic hepatitis B and C patients.