親屬關係對壽山台灣獼猴不同母系成年雌猴社會理毛之影響

Effects of kin-ship in social grooming among the adult female Formosan macaques ( Macaca cyclopis ) of different kin-groups

本研究是探討高雄市壽山地區台灣獼猴(Macaca cyclopis)成年雌猴之社會理毛在親屬關係之變化。主要研究對象是壽山地區獼猴社群C群的成年雌猴（14-15 隻），實際記錄C群660.6小時。研究結果發現壽山台灣獼猴成年雌猴與親屬雌猴間的理毛頻度高於和非親屬關條者(p < 0.001) 。成年雌猴間的社會理毛次數有65%發生在親屬雌猴之間。40%成年雌猴給親屬雌猴理毛比例高於給非親屬者，20%給非親屬雌猴理毛比例高於給親屬者。而40%成年雌猴與親屬、非親屬雌猴理毛無顯著差異。而非親屬成年雌猴間的社會理毛有8.68%為互惠理毛。因此，壽山台灣獼猴社群成年雌猴的社會理毛應該是以親屬選擇為主要基礎。無親屬關係成年雌猴的社會理毛則可能藉由互惠理毛達到結盟或提升位序之目的。

This study has investigated the social grooming diversity in kinship among adult female Formosan macaques (Macaca cyclopis) that inhabit Mt. Longevity, Kaohsiung. The major study groups were C group which consisted of 14-15 adult females. Field observation of C group was recorded for 660.6 hours. The results showed the frequency of grooming among related females was significantly higher than among unrelated females (both p < 0.001). In addition, 65% of social grooming within adult females was among relatives. However, 40% of adult females groomed equally with related and unrelated females, while 20% disproportionately groomed more with unrelated females than with related females. The grooming was kin-biased for 40%. About 8.68% of social grooming among unrelated females was being reciprocated. Therefore, the results indicated that social grooming among adult females took place more often among kin-related females may reinforce relationships while reciprocal grooming of unrelated females may serve to form alliance or ranking promotion in the social group.