定期航商海上貨櫃運送路徑策略性規劃之研究

STRATEGIC PLANNING FOR TRANSIT ROUTES OF SEABORNE CONTAINERS DELIVERED BY THE SHIPPING LINES

貨櫃運送路徑規劃乃定期航商針對內部資源進行統整籌劃的重要議題，其必須依照航商所訂的航線繞程與船期，在滿足貨櫃起迄運送需求條件下，安排適當之載運路徑，其間甚至可能需要經由不同航線轉運。本研究從策略性層次，根據問題特性設計適當之網路圖形，據以建構數學規劃模式。此模式在系統最佳化的概念下，可考慮航商運送成本、貨櫃運送時間和艙位容量之間的抵換關係，進而決策出各起迄港口對最適單一運送路徑，以及需要轉運者之最佳轉運港口。本研究以某亞洲近洋航線業者之經營背景為例，利用最佳化套裝軟體CPLEX進行實證，求解演算績效堪稱良好，決策結果除能獲知最少運送總成本外，亦可推算出每一港口對貨櫃之單位運送成本、運送時間以及等候轉運時間。

Container transit path planning is a vital issue in which liner carriers have to integrate many inner resources. According to the rotation and schedule of a carrier’s lines, this issue is to arrange the suitable delivery routes for all cargoes satisfying the carrier conditions of each origin-destination port pair. The transit path might require transshipment between lines. This research follows the properties of the strategic planning problem to design a network graph for the formulation of the mathematical programming model. This model considers the trade-off between delivered costs, transit time and slot capacities with system optimization. The results can obtain an optimized transit route for each port pair and the transshipped ports for those required port pairs. This research conducts a case study courtesy of a company operating Asian short sea services. The performance of solving by optimization commercial package CPLEX is quite good. The minimized total delivered costs, unit delivered cost, transit time and transshipped time of containers for each port pair can also be discovered.