台北飛航情報區空域模擬模式之建立

A SIMULATION MODEL OF TAIPEI FLIGHT INFORMATION REGION AIRSPACE SYSTEM

本研究之目的在於建立一適合台灣地區之空域模提模式。本研究針對國內民航空域進行系統分析，包括管制空域的席位分類、航空器特性、航空器隔離、航空器速度調整、匯入航路的優先順序、雷達引導、高度隔離與飛航空層等，並參考國內及國外已發展之空域模提模式，以建立模式架構及邏輯。本模式以節點與節線組成空域路網，此路網為三度空間，亦即包含了空層的屬性。此外，節點有最小等候時間、容量、等候策略、抵達節點次序等屬性 ；節線連結節點，具有速率限制、飛航空層限制、容量限制、雷達引導時間、是否允許超越前機等屬性。為確定本模式能適當表達台北飛航情報區之運作特性，本研究亦實際蒐集資料進行驗證。本研究以國內飛航系統分析紀錄磁帶之資料所做之模式輸入，並選用航機飛行時間與匯入節點的航機到達時間間距作為驗證指標，由平均值檢定及一致性檢定之結果，顯示本模式可適切反映實際之航機運作情況。因此本模式可以作為研究空域及探討流量管制的基礎。

This study develops a microscopic airspace simulation model while accommodating the characteristics of Taipei Flight Information Region (Taipei FIR). The factors taken into account in this model include sectors, aircraft characteristics, separation requirements, flight speed restrictions, en route flight rules, vectoring, and flight levels. This model is developed based on ANS, while taking into account the logic of SIMMOD. The network employed in this model is composed of nodes and links and could accommodate three-dimensional operations. The parameters for each node include flight levels, separation requirements, holding pattern characteristics, arrival and holding rules. Also, the parameters for each link include flight levels, speed restrictions for various aircraft, capacity, passing rules and vectoring time. A comprehensive model validation is conducted in this study. The validation criteria include inter-arrival time and flight time. For each criterion, both the average and the distribution are examined. The results indicate that the model can simulate the operation of Taipei FIR quite well. With some enhancements this model can be applied to the area of real time air traffic management.