土壤時間序列研究之檢視與展望

A Review and Outlook of the Soil Chronosequence Studies

土壤化育的過程常能反映地景變遷的歷史，故可透過土壤探討地形學相關議題；在土壤化育研究中，藉由數學迴歸模式的概念建立土壤時間序列，突顯出時間因子對土壤性質變化的影響，其中雖有四個重要時間序列類型，但以「後下切時間序列」研究成果最為豐碩，並在地形相關研究上的應用亦受到很大的關注。然而，就全球各氣候分區的「後下切土壤時間序列」來看，除了時間因子是重要因素外，亦可辨識各區域內的氣候因子對土壤化育過程的影響，然母質等其他因素的影響也不能忽視。雖然台灣在土壤時間序列的應用獨具特色，本文仍企圖就相關文獻的整理，提出未來進行土壤地形學研究的檢討與展望。

The process of soil evolution is related to the history of landscape. It is suggested that certain issues of geomorphology could be solved by studying soil evolution. According to Pedology, soil chronosequence has been constructed by mathematic conceptual model in order to present the soil properties change in time. There are four types of soil chronosequence, but post-incisive chronosequence studies are most common and useful for the application to geomorphology. In varied climatic areas on the world, however, though time factor played the major role in building soil chronosequence, not climate but also parent factor influenced the difference of soil chronosequence. Despite the application of the soil chronosequence in Taiwan drew international attention, this paper attempt to propose some advice and outlook for future study of soil geomorphology through the reviews in literature.