居家護理人員工作滿意度及相關因素之探討

Factors Associated With Job Satisfaction in Home Care Nurses

背景：國內雖有對護理人員工作滿意度之文獻，但並未有針對居家護理人員工作滿意度做全國性調查。目的：本研究的目的是探討居家護理人員工作滿意度及其相關因子。方法：本研究採橫斷式調查，時間為2004年3月至6月，研究對象為服務於台灣地區公私立醫院及獨立型態機構的臨床居家護理人員。先以電話聯絡符合條件者並取得同意，以郵寄問卷方式收集資料，共寄出365份問卷，回收問卷337份，問卷回收率為92.3%。結果：研究對象平均年齡35歲、教育程度以專科為多，整體工作滿意度得分率為67.74%。五項工作滿意度構面以「工作本身滿意」得分最高，「直屬長官滿意」得分最低。複迴歸分析顯示，兼任居家護理實務實習老師、年齡大於35歲、覺得工作複雜性高者，工作滿意度較高；而工作壓力越大，工作滿意度越低；過去一年接受繼續教育情形10- 20小時者較接受< 10及> 20小時者工作滿意度高；工作價值越高、已婚者，工作滿意度較高；這7個因子可解釋49.7%的變異量。結論：適當時數的繼續教育及推動居家護理師進階制度，可提昇居家護理人員之內在價值，將可能有助於提升居家護理人員之工作滿意度。本研究結果可以做為相關單位在推展居家護理業務時之參考。

Background: Although there have been articles written in the literature on nurse job satisfaction, a national studyaddressing the job satisfaction of home care nurses in Taiwan has never been performed before.Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate home care nurse job satisfaction in Taiwan and correlated factors.Methods: A cross-sectional approach was used to survey participants, who comprised clinical home care nurses currentlyworking in public / private hospitals or independent healthcare institutions in Taiwan. Qualified nurses in thepotential study sample were first contacted by phone, and structured questionnaires were delivered by post. A total of365 questionnaires were sent, with 337 questionnaires returned.Results: Overall job satisfaction for the study subjects was 67.74%, with the subscale “satisfaction with the job itself”scoring the highest and the subscale “satisfaction with supervisors” scoring the lowest among the five job satisfactionsubscales. Linear regression analysis demonstrated that those who had served as home nursing practicum courseinstructors, were over 35-years of age or had higher perceived job complexity tended to have higher job satisfaction.Higher work pressure was associated with less job satisfaction. Those who received 10~20 hours of continuing educationhad a higher average job satisfaction than those who received continuing education for either more than 20 hoursor less than 10 hours. Those nurses who had higher work values and were currently married demonstrated higher jobsatisfaction. These seven factors explained 49.7% of total variance.Conclusions: Study results may serve as reference for institutions to help promote higher job satisfaction in homecare nurses. Home care nurse job satisfaction may be improved by providing an appropriate number of hours of continuingeducation and implementing a nurse advancement system in home care in order to increase intrinsic workvalue.