住宅區街道空間形構之研究——以台中市為例

A Study on the Form Configuration of Residential Areas’ Street Space-Taichung City as a Case Study

街道空間可說是城市市民日常生活首要的公共開放空間，也是顯現城市意象的要角，所以街道空間形象至為重要。街道空間形象因子主要來自於兩旁建築物，其形構秩序是街道空間形象的關鍵因素，而其優劣通常與管制機制密切相關。台中市都市擴張歷程中，採用不同的都市計畫及管制工具而使先後期發展區，包括商業區及住宅區等街道空間形象有顯著差異，本文擬針對住宅區街道空間形構進行探討。先期發展區以分區為都市計畫及管制工具，對於制約街道空間秩序近乎闕如，大部分街道形象混亂；後期發展區以分區管制為計畫及管制工具，其中容積率應用促使建築物量體設計彈性，卻不足以有效制約街道兩旁建築物形構秩序，造成一些街道段落形象失序。這些事實反映先後期發展區皆缺乏有效的都市空間管制工具或機制。從住宅建築物為都市基本紋理之觀點，本研究提議對策為台中市未來住宅區引用建築類型作為管制工具，依據都市計畫分區類別訂定建築物類型以及依地區涵構訂定規範內容。依此而行，未來出現有序的住宅區街道空間形象將可期待。

It can be argued that street space is the most important public open space for numerous citizens’ daily lives in each city. It also plays a significant role for a city image. The image of street space becomes very important. The image of a street space mainly results from all of the buildings erected on its both sides. The order of form configuration of buildings becomes the key element. The pros and cons of buildings’ form configuration are closely relevant to their control mechanisms. In the urban expansion process of Taichung city, the urban planning and control tools applied to both the early and late stage planning districts including commercial and residential areas etc. were various. It then brings about a discernible image of street space between the early and late stage planning districts. The paper investigates the form configuration of street space in residential areas of the city. Zoning adopted as the planning and control tool of the early stage planning district has little effect on regulating the order of form configuration of street space. The image of most streets is chaotic. Zoning control is adopted as the planning and control tool of the late stage planning district. The application of bulk rate prompts flexibility of building mass design, yet it seems not good enough to shape the form configuration of each street space with order. The image of some streets looks disorderly. These facts reflect that it lacks some kind of effective control tool or mechanism for urban space in both the early and late stage planning districts. From the viewpoint of residential buildings as urban basic texture, the research suggests the strategy that form-based code may be adopted as a control tool for all residential areas' planning of the city in the future. The content of form-based code should be regulated in accordance with the local context. In doing so, an orderly image of street space appearing in residential areas in the future could be expected.