Rolston與生態環境之客觀內在價值

Rolston and Objective Intrinsic Value in Ecological Environment

生態環境是否具有內在價值，這是當代環境倫理學家所深刻關注的問題，而在此一問題上，最具代表性的二位學者分別是J. Baird Callicott 和 Holmes Rolston, III。Callicott主張，生態環境具有主觀的內在價值；而Rolston則主張生態環境具有客觀的內在價值。本文將會先闡明Rolston對客觀內在價值之主張，其次，更進一步地說明Rolston對Callicott的主觀內在價值論證之批判所做出的回應，最後，對於Rolston之客觀內在價值論點，做一個綜合的評論。

Whether or not ecological environment has intrinsic value has been a topic of deep concern for the contemporary environmentalists. On this matter, J. Baird Callicott and Holmes Rolston III are the two most representative scholars. Callicott argues that the ecological environment has a subjective intrinsic value whereas Rolston argues that the ecological environment has an objective intrinsic value. This paper will first clarify Rolston's claim to objective intrinsic value, then further illustrate Rolston's responses to Callicott's subjective intrinsic value argument, and finally conclude with a comprehensive review on Rolston's objective intrinsic value argument.