電腦自我效能影響因素之實證文獻分析

A Documentary Study of Factors Influencing Computer Self-efficacy

目前探討電腦自我效能影響因素之相關研究多著重於單一觀點或特定因素，極少針對相關因素進行廣泛整理與分析。本研究藉由不同來源文獻的綜合整理，針對影響個體電腦自我效能的相關文獻進行完整回顧與分析，期望整理出多年來探討電腦自我效能影響因素的研究結果。依據文獻整理結果發現，探討電腦自我效能影響因素的實證研究，大體上有性別、年齡、學歷、科系、電腦經驗、電腦態度、電腦焦慮、學習動機、電腦課程訓練、電腦使用度、過去的電腦學習績效、擁有電腦設備、社會支持與鼓勵、父母態度和學習環境等 個項目。其中最常被探討的重要項目依序為「性別」(47.6%)、「電腦經驗」( 30.2 %) 和「電腦使用度」( 22.2 %)。二項分配檢定分析的結果顯示，性別、年齡、電腦態度、電腦焦慮、電腦經驗、電腦使用度和社會支持與鼓勵等 項因素對電腦自我效能有顯著影響，其他因素的檢驗則未達統計顯著水準。根據研究的結果，我們以社會認知理論來解釋電腦自我效能的影響因素之間的關係，並針對社會及學校二個層面提出改善電腦自我效能低落的適當建議。

Based on a literature review, research comprehensively examining factors influencing thecomputer self-efficacy of individual is rarely seen. Most previous studies have focused on eithera single view point or specific factors. Therefore, we synthesized and sorted out all the studiesreviewed to obtain a better view of the impact factors of computer self-efficacy. The results showthat the factors influencing individual’s computer self-efficacy which have been investigatedinclude gender, age, education level, college major, experience in computing, attitude towardcomputers, computer anxiety, motivation to learn about computers, computer usage, performancein computing, owning a computer, as well as support and encouragement from society. Amongall these factors, gender (47.6%), experience in computing (3 0.2 %), and computer usage (22.2 %)have been examined most frequently. The test of binomial distribution also showed that gender,age, attitude toward computers, computer anxiety, computer experience, computer usage, aswell as social support and encouragement all have significant impacts on individual’s computerself-efficacy. Based on these results, implications and suggestions are given for improving thecomputer self-efficacy of individuals accordingly.