促成獎勵措施對於甘比亞接受都治治療的肺結核病人生活品質影響之研究

The effects of the enablers incentive package on the quality of life among tuberculosis patients receiving DOTS in the Gambia

目標：本研究目的在探討甘比亞肺結核病患的生活品質及就醫時是否接受促成獎勵措施（enablers package）對於病人健康相關生活品質的影響。方法：本研究利用橫斷式研究，以至少接受兩週以上肺結核治療的肺結核病人為研究對象。利用世界衛生組織健康相關生活品質滿意度問卷進行面對面訪談，以瞭解其健康相關生活品質之狀況，並比較接受及未接受促成獎勵措施的兩組病人的整體及不同範疇的健康相關生活品質平均分數之差異。最後以複線性迴歸模式分析探討可能與較佳的生活品質有關的預測因子。結果：有接受促成獎勵措施者較無接受相關措施者有顯著較高的整體健康相關生活品質（p<0.001）；且與生理、心理與環境等範疇之健康相關生活品質也都有顯著的正相關。在複線性迴歸模式分析中，有接受治療的誘因（促成獎勵措施）、女性及居住在城市者有顯著較高的整理健康相關生活品質。結論：本研究結果為首次瞭解甘比亞肺結核病人的健康相關生活品質。未來需要更進一步的研究以瞭解肺結核病人的需求，並提升該族群的生活品質。

Objectives: The purpose of this research was to explore the quality of life among tuberculosis patients in the Gambia and assess the effects of the enablers package on it. Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among patients receiving anti-TB treatment for at least two weeks in the Gambia. Health-related quality of life was assessed using the WHOQOL-BREF questionnaire through face-to-face interview. The mean overall and domain-specific scores of the WHOQOL-BREF were compared for recipients and non-recipients of the enablers package. Multiple linear regression analyses were employed to identify predictors of a better quality of life. Results: Receipt of the enablers package had a positive association with the overall quality of life (p<0.0001) and all domain-specific quality of life scores except that of the social domain. Multiple linear regression analyses revealed that the receipt of incentives, female gender, and urban residence had positive significant impacts on the overall quality of life. Conclusions: The results of this study mark the beginning of the understanding of quality of life studies in the Gambia, especially among TB patients. Further research is warranted to explore the needs of TB patients in order to improve their quality of life. (Taiwan J Public Health. 2018;37(2):182-195).