華語和越南語的名詞詞組與不定數詞的關係研究

A Study of the Relationship between Noun Phrases and Indefinite Quantifiers in Chinese and Vietnamese

湯廷池（1979）觀察到主語造成的關係子句當修飾詞時，不容許不定數詞「很多」等數詞修飾核心名詞（？？戴眼鏡的很多學生），本人基於這個問題，更進一步發現，除了主語造成的關係子句當修飾詞外，當一般名詞和形容詞當修飾詞時，也不允許不定數詞修飾核心名詞。此外，如果讓這些修飾詞更加明確，不定數詞修飾核心名詞的可接受度則加高，為了瞭解這種情形是否有跨語言的現象，本論文選擇越南語加以比較探討。本文發現，雖然表面上華語和越南語的名詞詞組詞序相反（越南的核心名詞在前），但對於這個議題竟然有非常類似的情形。

Tang(1987) has found that in a DE phrase (XP+DE+NP), an indefinite quantifier is not allowed to occur before the head noun (the position after DE) when the phrase before DE is a subject relativized relative clause. Liou(2008) further discovered that when the XP before DE is a common noun or an adjective, it also disallows an indefinite quantifier occurring before a head noun of a DE construction. She concludes that whether or not an indefinite occurs before the head noun varies according to how specific the XP is. That is, when the reference of an XP is specific, it allows an indefinite quantifier to occur before the head noun; if the reference of an XP is not specific, it does not allow an indefinite quantifier to occur before the head noun. Following Liou(2008), this paper further examines Liou’s observation and also examines whether the issue Liou discovered occurs in Vietnamese. Although the word order of Chinese and Vietnamese is different, the study gives evidence that the interpretation of the relationship between noun phrases and indefinite quantifiers in the two languages show amazing similarities.