「重建台灣、建設新中國」之路：戰後初期刊物中「文化」和「交流」的意義

The Road toward “Re-constructing Taiwanand building up the New China”:The Meaning of the “Culture” and “Interflow” in Periodicals inthe Early Postwar Period

本文以戰後初期發行的幾本刊物為對象，考察光復後台灣的文化重建以及與中國之間的接觸上成為重要議題—「文化」和文化「交流」的意義。文化部門可以說是戰後初期台灣知識階層廣泛參與的領域，而且當時有了必須與中國接觸和進行交流的需求和必要性，因此對文化人來講，這可說是重新思考既有文化的性質以及未來文化屬性的契機。同時文化的建設和交流，被認為與時代課題—新台灣和新中國的建設有著直接的關聯，因此不管是中國來台接收人員或民間文化人，都同樣持有這種認知。本文進行考察的結果，發現戰後初期兩岸知識階層所要建立的文化內容，基本上都指向民主和自由的價值，並在現實基礎上，維護人民大眾利益，在其交流層面上，相互了解兩岸不同現實下的文學藝術和文化抗爭。雖然因刊物屬性、參與人員身分和出身背景的不同，存在立場和視角上的差異，不過，其文化的主流方向和所指向的價值，都著重在民主理念、現實基礎以及民眾性。對此，本文以一種重新追求現代性的努力來予以定義。殖民地時期，台灣知識分子從啟蒙時期即開始追求的解放的現代性和民族獨立、民權發達內容的社會運動，都一一遭受挫敗，新文學的發展也跟著受到箝制。因此，對台灣知識分子來說，從殖民統治獲得解放，意味著將是一個可以重新癒合受挫現代性的絕好機會，同時也是能夠在重建台灣、建設新中國此一時代課題上做出一己貢獻的契機。

Targeting on a few periodicals issued in the early postwar period, this article investigatesthe cultural re-construction and the meaning of “culture” and cultural “interflow”,an important subject while Taiwan made contact with China, after the restoration ofTaiwan. Due to the needs and necessity of making contact with China, Taiwanese intellectualsextensively participated in the cultural activities in the early years of postwar.Also for the cultured people, it was a turning point to rethink the nature of the existingculture and the characters of future culture. Because there was a direct connection ofconstruction between new Taiwan and new China, the cultural re-construction andinterflow were regarded as a big subject of the times. People no matter from China orlocal all had the consensus.This article reveals that the cultural contents what the intellectuals on both sidesof the strait desired to construct was focusing on the values of democracy and liberty,maintaining people’s interests on the realistic basis, and in terms of interflow, mutualunderstanding the literary art and cultural resistance under the different reality on bothsides. Despite the differences of the periodical characters, identity and background ofthe participants, and the viewpoints and perspectives, the main stream and values of theculture still focused on democratic ideas, realistic basis and the general public. Accord ingly, this paper describes it as an effort to re-seek the modernity. During the colonialperiod, Taiwanese intellectuals were not only encountering frustrations in pursuing theliberal modernity, national independence and civil rights, but also the development ofnew literature. Therefore, to the Taiwanese intellectuals, the liberation from the colonialrule implied that there was a chance to re-heal the frustrations on modernity, and it wasmeanwhile a turning point to reconstruct Taiwan and build up the new China.