企業管理、性別分工與本土資產階級的想像：楊青矗與陳映真比較研究

Business Management, Gender Divisionof Labor, and the Imagination of NativeCapitalist Class:A Comparison of Yang Qing-chu and Chen Ying-zhen

1970年代台灣歷經一連串政治、經濟與文化上的變動，同時涉及殖民主義、階級剝削與性別政治三個相對獨立又互相關連的層面。如果現今對當時歷史的理解是一種「闡連」（articulation），既對各個層面進行詮釋，也將各層面之間的關係進行連結與釐清，那麼文學作品也未嘗不能說是另類的闡連方式，只是文學闡連是透過敘事（人物與情節），加上文字修辭（如隱喻與象徵）來完成。本文從左翼的視角切入，以楊青矗《工廠女兒圈》與陳映真《萬商帝君》為主，其他相關作品為輔，除了試著釐清兩位作家，在國族、階級與性別的議題上不同的闡連方式外，也想要延續馬克思主義對資本主義體制的批判、思考變革的可能與對理想體制的想像，探討以下的問題：首先，兩位作家筆下的階級統治機制為何？有何異同？其次，工人（尤其女工），對此一機制的抗拒如何可能？有哪些不同形式？最後，如果當時的階級體制並不令人滿意，那兩位作家對本土資產階級的另類想像為何？透過比較兩位作家作品的異同，本文希望指出各自在階級視野上的侷限與洞見，並為思考當前台灣的歷史情境提供一個借鏡。

In the 1970s, Taiwan had undergone a series of political, economic, and culturaltransformations involving three separate but interrelated aspects: colonialism, class exploitation,and gender politics. If our understanding of the past is nothing more thana kind of articulation—the interpretation of each entity and the linking up of differentones, then literature can be viewed as an articulation through characters and plots aswell as metaphors and symbols. Taking Yang Qing-chu’s Factory Girls and Chen Yingzhen’sThe Sage of Multinational Business as primary examples, this paper seeks to elucidatethe ways which these two writers used to articulate the issues of nationalism, class, and gender by asking the following questions: (1) What are the institutions of classdomoniation in their respective works? (2) How is it possible for factory workers, especiallyfemales, to resist or fight against the hegemonic structure of management andproduction? (3) What would be the alternative imagination of the native capitalist class?This paper attempts to clarify these two writers’ differences and similarities through acomparative perspective in hopes of finding their limitatoins and insights on the class asan example for reflecting on Taiwan’s current histocial status.