消費偏好差異之廠商聚集分析

Analysis of Firm Agglomeration with Heterogeneous Consumption Preferences

本研究藉由修改Forslid and Ottaviano（2003）的模型，將原來技術勞工與非技術勞工對製 造業商品的偏好相同的假設，修改為技術勞工對製造業商品高於非技術勞工的偏好，重新探討 廠商群聚的現象。研究發現，在運輸成本很大下，當技術勞工對製造業商品的偏好較小時，則 廠商會平均分散至兩區；若對製造業商品的偏好較大時，則廠商會全部集中至某一區。換言之， 廠商的分布與技術勞工對製造業商品的偏好高低有關，但與技術勞工及非技術勞工的偏好差異 無關。

Forslid and Ottaviano (2003) assume that both skilled and unskilled labor have identical preferences regarding the consumption of manufactured goods. Modifying the model of Forslid and Ottaviano (2003), this study explores the agglomeration of manufacturers by assuming that skilled labor exhibits a stronger preference for manufactured goods than unskilled labors. The findings of this study are as follows. When transport costs are large, firms disperse to two regions equally when the preference of the skilled labor for consuming manufactured goods is small, and agglomerate to one region when the preference is large. That is, the distribution of firms depends on the preference level of skilled labor rather than the preference gap between skilled and unskilled labor.