唐置西州後的高昌舊民

The Gaochang Old People After the Tang Dynasty Built Xizhou

西州原稱高昌，雖然國土狹小，但因地處絲路樞紐，所以自漢代以後就被視為是「西域之門戶」。太宗於貞觀十四年（西元640年）平高昌、建置西州後，成為唐廷用以控扼西域的根據地。高昌王國滅亡之後，當地人民自然被唐帝國所吸納，成為《文館詞林》中提及的「高昌舊民」。這些高昌舊民主要來自於河西地區，但對於原鄉的記憶深厚，從吐魯番出土文書、墓誌的陳述中探知，這些人以原鄉記憶凝聚人群的歷史心性，以及追溯共同的起源，將自身視為原鄉人士而不願意落籍高昌。本文針對這些高昌舊民，討論唐廷如何招撫，分析事件成因，使之加入唐廷政權，以及重新詮釋認同的變遷。

Xizhou (西州), formerly known as Gaochang located in the pivot of Silk Road (高昌), had a narrow and small territory. It had been deemed ”the gateway to the West Region” since the Han dynasty. In 640 A.D. Emperor Taizong conquered Gaochang and established an outpost in Xizhou to control the West Region. After Gaochang Kingdom came to an end, the local people had been incorporated by Tang Empire, and they became the ”Gaochang old people” as referred in Wenguancilin (文館詞林). These people mainly came from Hexi (河西) region had strong feeling for their native land. Based on documents and tomb epitaphs that was excavated in Turfan, we find out that historical mind-nature of Gaochang people, became ”memory's homeland”, one dominated by nostalgia and desire for return, thus they were reluctant to register in Gaochang.This paper discusses the process of the pacification in Gaochang and makes new interpretation on self-identification.