唐律在維護「家族倫理」上的規範──以「惡逆、不孝」罪為例

The Regulations of Protecting Family Ethics in The Tang Code--Use Contumacy(o-ni)(惡逆) and Unfilial(不孝) as Example

通說以為，中國古代固有律與西方法律最大的不同之處，就在於中國固有律所體現的「禮教精神」和「家族本位主義」的立法方式。唐律既被視為傳統中國古代法典的代表作，當然就中的禮教精神和保障家族制度的立法趨向，值得我們重視。在唐律「十惡」重罪中的「惡逆」及「不孝」等兩項罪名，最能彰顯唐律對於維護家族倫理的用心所在。而唐律對於上述兩項犯罪的懲治，動輒處以極刑，用法極為嚴酷。證諸司法實例，凡觸犯「惡逆」或「不孝」之罪人，通常其判決均偏向於較重的懲處──唐律為維護中國傳統家族倫理之用心，不言可喻。

Chinese ancient law in not alike western law, it had the trend towards emphasizedthe spirit of rites and family sectionalism. This trend is obvious in Tang Code andshould be valued.Unfilial and Murder Parents were two accusations of the Ten Abominations（十惡）. These could stress the purpose of protecting family ethic. If offended these twoaccusations would be condemn to severe punishment. To examine actual examples, Ifsomeone who offended Unfilial or Murder Parents, usually would be punished moresevere. These showed the intention to protect family ethic in The Tang Code.