「有意無意之間」──庾敳〈意賦〉之「意」向探討

“Between Intention or Nonintention”: The Study of Meaning Based on Yu-Ai’s “Meaning Ode”(Yi-Fu)

魏晉時期的知識份子身處於時局紛亂、門閥政治興盛的環境中，選擇以放達不羈之行為或寄情書寫來抒發己懷，一以避禍，二則可藉文章行諷刺批判之實。又當時清談風氣盛行下，以「三玄」為主題的玄言詩及玄言賦應運而生，作家不但能在其中展現己身文學才華，更可探究玄義，暢其玄理，構築內心理想之境。在眾多以老莊、清談議題為創作題材的作品中，本文擇庾敳〈意賦〉為例，首先介紹作者的生平背景與思想，其次探析當中的文體與文學性，並援玄學方法論──言意之辨作為辯證基礎，最後期能在〈意賦〉中的「有意無意之間」，理梳魏晉士人於創作中迂迴地表達對於社會、政治的無奈與感慨，以及受到時代風氣所產生的清虛人生哲學。

Because they lived in a chaotic situation and aristocratic political environment, the intellectuals in the Wei-Jin dynasty either chose to behave unruly or focused on express their emotion by writing to avoid misfortune and criticize the society ironically. Meanwhile, due to the prosperity of empty talk in the Wei-Jin dynasty, the metaphysical poetry and ode, also known as ＂San Xuan＂ (Three Profundities), emerged to meet a historic destiny. Not only did writers show their writing talents, but explored and discussed metaphysical meaning freely. Besides, intellectuals could also established an ideal wonderland in their minds. Among the literatures which depend on the idea of Taoism (Lao-Zhuang) and empty talk, this paper will mainly focus on discussing the meaning in Yu-Ai's ＂Meaning Ode＂ (Yi-Fu). Firstly, Yu-Ai's background of personal life and thought will be introduced. Followed by stylistic and literary analysis, the paper is going to utilize metaphysics methodology to illustrate the distinction between ＂language and meaning＂. Results will provide us better understanding of Wei-Jin intellectuals' hopelessness and regretfulness toward the society and politics of the period through the discussion of Yu-Ai's ＂Meaning Ode＂(Yi-Fu).