淺論《孫子兵法》之「上兵伐謀」

A Research on Sun Tzu's “Strategy of Attack” of The Art of War

「上兵伐謀」首見於第三篇〈謀攻篇〉。「謀攻」意指謀先於攻，謀定而後動；歷來詮釋《孫子兵法》的學者都非常重視〈謀攻篇〉，特別是引述其中「不戰而屈人之兵」、「知彼知己」等觀念闡釋、發揮。但是，亦有人懷疑孫子的「不戰而屈人之兵」究竟是理想目標還是實踐方針？本文以「上兵伐謀」為討論核心，首先分析〈謀攻篇〉的行文邏輯，再從先知、主動、全勝等三方面探討「伐謀」的執行要素，並嘗試論證「不戰而屈人之兵」之實踐可能。

”Strategy of Attack” is an article of the famous Chinese classic ”The Art of War” which was written by Sun Tzu. Nowadays, there are a lot of people pay attention to Sun Tzu's theory and discuss its practicality. Although the vast majority of people believe his argument, some people say that is only an ideal. Especially, they dispute that ”subduing the other's military without battle” is possible or not. This paper is trying to answer the question and proving the ”idea” could be implemented.