顛鸞倒鳳《品花寶鑑》之多變主體性探析

Sexual relationship Pin Hua Bao Jang's changeful subject discussion

清季中葉，陳森於道光年間所撰寫之《品花寶鑑》此一章回小說，乃清季長篇白話小說，凡六十回，共五十餘萬言。文中以兩對「才子佳人」－－梅子玉與杜琴言，田春航與蘇蕙芳為經，當時名流狎客與梨園乾旦的關係為緯，為中國第一本專論乾旦為主的古典小說。相較於中國過去涉及「異色題材」的藝文作品，《品花寶鑑》此書乃以長篇小說之鉅大篇幅，公開性的強調，士旦關係之情感和心靈，或許有時因為作者陳義過高，而立論有所狹窄，但在男情言說上，乃超越以往小說戲曲於同性情節上，片面化、私密化和「淫格化」的獵豔搜奇現象，而有其肯定和正面之角度。而文本未經歐風美雨的沾溉，自脫於現代化的努力歷程，由「不變」到「自變」的異色書寫及主體性論述，在建構→支解→重組的過程中，主體性歷經物化、淨化和教化的「三變」過程和形象，正能映照出清季文士在當朝「迎新送舊」之際，心中既失落於傳統崩毀，又疑懼於現代漸漬的雙重焦慮。

In the middle of Ching dynasty, Chen-sen wrote ”Pin Hua Bao Jang” in Dao-Guang years. It was long vernacular novel of Ching dynasty, sixty chapters, and more than five hundred thousand words. The content was about two couples - Mei Zih-Yu, Du Chin-Yan and Tian Chun-Hang, Su Huei-Fang. Furthermore, it also talked about the relationship between celebrity whoremaster and the dresser. It was the first novel mainly talked about homosexual. Compared with the novel which had talked about homosexual through Chinese history, ”Pin Hua Bao Jang” was the longest novel. Furthermore, it strongly focus on the emotion and mind between celebrity whoremaster and the dresser. Maybe sometimes writer's theory would be narrow. But as homosexual novel, it talked deeper, wider and more about sex. Furthermore, the novel talked it in a positive and affirmative way and subject discussion.In the course of construction→collapse→re-construction, the subject had went through reification, purification and moralization these ”three change” course and image. Also, the novel had not been influence by western culture. On the journey of modernization, it transformed itself and this could be seen as double anxious of Ching scholar. On one side, they were worried about tradition will collapse. On the other side, they also afraid of modernization.