第三世界文學的實踐者──重讀陳映真八○年代的文學創作與生產

Put the Third-World Literature into Practice: Re-reading Chen Ying-Zhen’s Literary Writings and Production

本論文嘗試重新解讀陳映真八○年代的文學創作與生產，將其人及其作視為一種第三世界文學的實踐。回顧八○年代之前陳映真的創作，可以看出從反思現代主義、鄉土文學書寫到逐漸形成的第三世界文學的書寫軌跡。八○年代陳映真的小說創作並不算多，只有前期做為「華盛頓大樓」系列的〈雲〉（萬商帝君）及中期開始的〈山路〉系列三部曲，前者批判當時的跨國資本，後者涉及白色恐怖的歷史記憶。陳映真將其思想透過小說以文學的形式，繼續地加入八○年代關於國族認同、族群議題、階級矛盾的爭議。而和文學創作同時並進的是文學的社會實踐。1985年陳映真創辦了《人間》雜誌，這份以報導攝影及報導文學為主的雜誌，關懷並記錄在臺灣這塊土地上被漠視的人與事。由此，本文將透過以下三個面向來思考陳映真八○年代的文學創作與生產：從剝削關係審視臺灣的政經體質、1985－1989年《人間》雜誌的文化實踐、召喚歷史記憶爭取國族論述的發言權。走過八○年代，「陳映真」更成為許多臺灣以及中國當代作家創作上的精神性象徵。重讀陳映真的八○年代，從小說創作閱讀陳映真對現實的思索，從《人間》雜誌看陳映真對理念的實踐，在眾聲喧囂的八○年代展開一場文學與社會歷史的對話。

Chen Ying-Zhen's literary writings and relevant production in 1980s as a whole could be regarded as a way of practice of the Third-World Literature. In 1980s, Chen wrote several fictional works, including ”Cloud” within the ”Washington Building” series and ”Mountain Roads” trilogy; in the former, Chen criticized the inter-national capitalism and in the latter, he dealt with the historical memories and in the White Terror period. Chen adds controversial issues of 1980s, such as nation-identity, social groups and class conflicts into these stories as a way of expression of his responses to topics of Taiwan's history, social problems and nationalism. At the meantime, Chen set up an influential magazine, ”Ren-jian” monthly, in 1985 and put his literary ideals into practice. ”Ren-Jian” is a reportage magazine, mainly concerning about current social and cultural events, of which public readers are usually ignorant. In the paper, I would like to explore Chen's thoughts in 1980s by re-reading his stories and analyzing the way he devotes to ”Ren-Jian”.