日據時代臺灣殖民法律的內化與反思──鍾肇政《滄溟行》與李喬《荒村》的比較研究

Reflection on the Internalization of the Colonial Laws in Japan-Ruled Taiwan: A Comparative Study of Zhong Zhao Zheng’s “Cang Ming Xing” and Li Qiao’s “Huang Cun”

作為臺灣戰後戒嚴抗日文本：鍾肇政《滄溟行》與李喬《荒村》，不但同樣書寫於七十年代，為日據本土抗爭歷史發聲的創作精神也並無二致。其中所描繪的農民運動，皆以中壢事件為創作藍本，表現農民運動從武裝抗日到法理抗爭模式的轉變。但在「同」中卻存在明顯的「異」，尤其是對日人法律的認知，所流露的傾向與態度的不同，正是本文欲深入探究之處。本文擬先從殖民地的法律本質著手，探討日本法律實施於母國與殖民地的差異，其次，集中討論兩本文本所表現的法律現代性／殖民現代性的差異，再進一步回溯作家世代的差異，與抵殖民文本的書寫策略，特別分析鍾肇政作為皇民化世代所接受的意識形態洗禮，在抗日文本的敘述脈絡下，筆端不自覺地呈現對日本精神的親和，所呈現的主體分裂情況。並藉由這兩本抗日文本法律觀的比較，透過作家成長背景、世代差異以及時代背景、文壇角度等多層次的分析，目的在於提出臺灣主體性內涵的叩問與可能的多元詮釋。

As the anti-Japan texts in the post-war Taiwan under martial law, Zhong Zhao Zheng's ”Cang Ming Xing” and Li Qiao's ”Huang Cun,” both written in the 1970s, are common in voicing the local contestation history under the Japanese rule. Also common is that the peasant movements employed by both texts to showcase the transition from violent resistance to legal contestation are derived from the same context of the Zhong Li Incident. Beyond the common ground, there are, however, stark differences between the two texts, particularly in terms of their perception, proclivity, and attitude toward the Japanese laws. This essay addresses those differences in greater depth. In hopes of providing questions to and multiple interpretations for the Taiwan subjectivity, this essay compares the legal perception in the two texts through the multi-level analysis of the authors' background, generation gap, epoch spirit, and the literary circle's perspective. Starting from the nature of the colonial laws, this essay finds that the implementation of Japanese laws tends to differ in the motherland and colonies. Second, based on the discussions in both texts regarding the gap between legal and colonial modernity, this essay traces further back to the generation gap between the authors, and thereby explores the implications of the gap upon their strategies for anti-colonialism compositions. Finally, this essay centers on the split subjectivity displayed in Zhong's text. With Zhong's generation baptized by the ideology implanted in the Kominka Movement, the descriptive context embedded in Zhong's text unconsciously reveals his affection for the Japanese ethos.