「太白占」考辯──兼論先秦兩漢時期星占文化的軍事政治表徵與影響

Textual Research on 'Tai Bai Divination' ——Discussion on Astrology Culture's Influence on Military Affairs and Political Affects during Pre-Qin to Han Dynasty

本文基於文獻資料與物質文明中與「太白占」相關者，試圖對先秦兩漢時期星占數 術在軍事與政治領域中的呈現與影響展開討論。其中文獻資料包含傳世和出土的天文 類、兵書類書籍，物質文明指進行天文觀測活動之靈臺。在對基本概念加以界定並舉 例分析史書中記載的事例之後，主要分為三部分進行分析：(1)結合典籍記載揭示星氣 之占在軍事活動中的具體操作；(2)回溯當時思想背景深入探明星占事應的內在義理與 邏輯建構；(3)藉由考索星占文化的物質遺存——「靈臺」——深入體察先秦兩漢時期星 占數術的表現與深遠影響。

In this paper, based on the literature material and historical progress related to 'Tai Bai Divination', the article attempts to reveal the astrology culture's influence on military affairs and political affects during Pre-Qin to Han dynasty. The literature material contains classical documents and unearthed literatures on astronomical and military topics, while historical progress mainly involved 'Ling Tai' (the name of the ancient astronomical observation sites). After defining the basic concepts and analyzing cases in the historical literatures, the article divided into three parts for analysis： ①Revealing the combination of specific operation for 'Star Divination' in military activities. ②Finding the origin of the ideological background, and exploring for the inner principles and logical construction of 'Star Divination'. ③Observing the performance of astrology and superstition, as well as its far-reaching impact during Pre-Qin to Han Dynasty.