政府在東南亞華文教育復興與發展中的作用－－以新加坡、馬來西亞、泰國、印尼、菲律賓五國為例

The role of government in the revival and development of Chinese education in Southeast Asia— a case study of Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines

東南亞國家的華文教育有著悠久的歷史，雖歷經坎坷卻不斷發展壯大。近年來，隨著中國經濟迅速崛起，全球性“漢語熱”的興起，以及中國與東南亞國家關係的日益密切，東南亞國家對華人政策的調整，使東南亞各國的華文教育獲得了新的發展機遇，從20世紀90年代起，新加坡、馬來西亞、泰國、印尼、菲律賓等國的華文教育都出現了新的發展勢頭。各類華文學校大量出現，中文專業或中文課程已成為一些國家公立學校的科目已形成從小學到大學的完整，的華文教育體系，華文在東南亞國家教育體系中的地位得到提升，華文學校的規模日益擴大，華文教育品質的提高普遍受到重視。本文試圖以新加坡、馬來西亞、泰國、印尼、菲律賓為例，分析政府在東南亞華文教育復興與發展中的作用。文章認為，政府職能部門制度化，保證了華文教育的復興與發展，政府頒佈政策法令，把華文教育納入國民教育體系，政府採取切實可行的措施支持華文教育，領導人的影響力推動了華文教育的發展。從這個命題中，我們可以得出一條結論是：政府對於華文教育的推動，是非常重要的。

Chinese education in Southeast Asian countries has a long history, although it has experienced ups and downs. In recent years, with the rapid rise of China's economy, global rise of 'Chinese fever', and the relations between China and Southeast Asian countries is increasingly close, the adjustment policies toward ethnic Chinese in South East Asia, Southeast Asia Chinese education obtained new development opportunities, since the 90s of the 20th century, the Chinese education in Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia, the Philippines and other countries have emerged in the new momentum of development. The emergence of a large number of various types of Chinese school, majoring in Chinese or Chinese curriculum has become subjects of public schools in some countries, has been formed from primary school to university complete Chinese education system, the status of the Chinese language in the Southeast Asian countries education system has been improved, increasing size of Chinese Schools, the improvement of the quality of Chinese education general attention. This paper attempts to analyze the role of government in the revival and development of Chinese education in South East Asia, taking the example of Singapore, Malaysia, Thailand, Indonesia and Philippines as examples. The article thinks, the functions of the government departments of the system, ensure the revival and development of Chinese education, the government promulgated laws and policies, the Chinese education into the national education system, the government to take practical measures to support Chinese education, the influence of the leaders to promote the development of Chinese education. From this proposition, we can draw a conclusion: the government's promotion of Chinese education is very important.