商業對家族與宗族的影響：以南洋兄弟煙草公司對簡照南家族與廣東簡氏高級 宗族的影響為例

The Influence of Business on Family and Lineage: A Case Study of the Effect of the Nanyang Brothers Tobacco Company on the Jian family and the Guangdong Jian Higher-Order Lineage

家族企業是中國商業史上常見的組織方式之一，並且家庭／家族／宗族與商業之間的關係千絲萬縷。此課題吸引了好些學者進行研究，然而過去的研究主要討論家族和宗族對商業的影響，但是商業之家族和宗族的影響則較少討論。 本文將集中討論簡照南與其家人如何在南洋兄弟煙草公司股份的糾紛而形成簡照南家族，同時也指出簡照南家族如何大力資助《粵東簡氏大同譜》的編寫與聚賢堂的設立，促成廣東簡氏高級宗族的第二次聯宗。 本文通過討論簡照南家族和廣東簡氏高級宗族的建立過程，指出商業如何影響家族和宗族的形成，同時如何確立了控制企業的家族和宗族的規模。

The family firm is one of the most popular commercial organizations in Chinese business world, and family and lineage have a complicated relationship with business. Many scholars have studied the relationship between them. However, the majority of related research focus on the influence of family and of lineage upon business, but the effect of business on family and lineage is much comparatively less. In the paper, I will explore how Jian Zhaonan (簡照南) and his families formed the Jian family due to conflict for the division of Nanyang's Shares. Moreover, the Jian family had a great financial contribution for the writing of A Genealogy of the Jian Lineage of Guangdong Province (粵東簡氏大同譜) and the establishment of the hall of Juxian (聚賢 堂) in order to establish the Guangdong Jian higher-order lineage. Through the case study of the establishment of the Jian family and the Guangdong Jian higher-order lineage, I will point out how business affects the creation and size of family and lineage.