社區教育的理念與實踐－－大學推動社區學院的作為芻議

Theory and Practice of Community Education -Universities to Promote Community Colleges as a Discussion-

教育部所訂頒「邁向二十一世紀的教育願景白皮書」強調：依據教育學理論，家庭教育、學校教育與社會教育三者，必須協力合作、交流並進，才能達到整體教育目標；而能融合家庭教育、學校教育、社會教育三者為一體的基本單位，即是社區。因此，「學校社區化、社區學校化」是現代國家推行終身教育的主流。社區教育係針對一個地區、鄰里或鄉鎮，提供了居民所需的的教育與訓練等活動，進而透過學習機會的供給，社區的情境脈絡的環繞，創造一個充滿活力、積極參與、饒富文化的環境，形塑一種社區學習的生活方式，其目的在於型塑社區的學習情境，讓居民的能力得以開展，進行營造社會美好的願景。二十一世紀正處於國際競爭激烈的知識社會，強調以建立學習社會為「新世紀教育的展望」，重視「全人教育、終身學習與學習型社會」的推動。為此，除了家庭和學校外，社區是居民生活的重要空間，也是人們成長中的重要領地。因此，社區教育的意義和落實不容忽視，社區教育主要的是將教育融入到社區，增長豐富多彩、健康和諧的社區生活之中，促使社區居民自活動中有所啟發、有所收穫，其中蘊涵著終身教育的理念、原則以及方法。適值我國大專院校因少子化呈現教育資源過剩之虞，可藉此環境的機遇，積極將教育理念及教育作為朝向社區教育的方向推動，將教育內涵擴充至社區，將教育對象推向全民，善用教育資源成為教育大國，促成教育為啟迪社區民眾的機制，帶動社會的全面提升。爰此，本文分別以「社區教育的理念」、「社區教育的歷史」、「社區教育的實例」、「社區教育的策勵」等單元，借鑑世界教育先進社會及社區發展原理，以論述大學推動社區教育的理念與實踐作為。

Set by the Ministry of Education awarded 'Moving into the twenty-first century vision of theWhite Paper on Education,' emphasized: Based on education theory, family education, schooleducation and social education, all three, we must work together, exchange hand, to achieve theoverall educational goals; and can be integrated family education, school education, socialeducation, the basic unit of all three as a whole, that is the community. Therefore, the 'school in thecommunity, the community school,' is a modern country with a life-long education mainstream.Community Department of Education for a region, neighborhood or town, providing residents withthe necessary education and training and other activities, thus learning opportunities through thesupply of situational context of the surrounding community, The creation of a vibrant, activeparticipation, several modified cultural environment, shaping the lifestyle of a community learning,which aims to shape the community's learning environment to allow the residents the ability toinitiate, carry out the vision to create a better society.Fitness value of China's tertiary education resources due to declining birthrate showed the riskof excess, will be able to environmental opportunities and positively to educational philosophy andeducation as an orientation towards the promotion of community education, will expand thesubstance of education to the community, the object of education into all people, In this paper, the 'concept of community education,' 'the history of community education,' 'examples ofcommunity education,' 'community education to spur on' and other units, draw on advancededucation, social and community development principles, to promote community education in theUniversity discussed concepts and practice as the.