立體商標與新式樣權利要件之比較研究

A Comparative Study between Three-dimensional Trademark and Design Patent

專利制度旨在保護工業技術，在一段不得延展的期間內，賦予專利權人一個排他的權利，而其最終目的，則在受保護期間過後，成為公眾皆得以利用之技術，進而使工業技術不斷的增進。商標制度則在於保護一個標誌的識別，而為一具共同保障權利人與消費者之權利，兩者之法目的性並不相同；然，我國於民國九十二年我國將立體商標納入商標法之保護客體之後，其客體與新式樣專利兩者產生重疊，直接的反應是，申請主體是否利用商標法取得永久性的保護，使新式樣專利喪失其存在及規範意義，進而導致智慧財產法整體規範體系上的混亂？
本論文主要針對權利的取得程序、判斷要件、判斷主體、侵權判斷以及實施態樣等方面，比較、分析立體商標與新式樣專利兩者之間究竟有何異同之處？並提出個人之拙見。

Patent system is mainly about the protection of industrial technology. A patentee is able to obtain an exclusive right within a non-extendable period via such system. Therefore, the inductrial technology can be used by the public upon expiration in order to improve the industrial technology constantly. Trademark system is about the protection of trademark identification. It is the protection to both of the trademark owner and the consumer. The legal purposes of these two systems are different. In 2003, Taiwan introduced three-dimentional trademark which is to be protected under the trademark law. However, the scope of three-dimentional trademark overlaps the protection of design patent, and applicant may only seek protection under the trademark law for it is perpetual. Thus, the existence of the design patent becomes a question and this might also cause confusiton of the Intelectual Property law system. This study provides personal opinions and is aimed at comparison between three-dimentional trademark and design patent regarding procedure of obtaining the rights, determination requirements, subject judgement, infringement analysis and enforcement conditions.