台中市中高齡學校志工之參與程度及其主觀幸福感相關研究

A Study of Correlation between Involving Degrees and Subjective Well-being among the Middle-aged and Elderly School Volunteers in Taichung Metropolitan

本研究目的旨在探討臺中市高級中等以下學校之中高齡學校志工，其參與志工服務工作程度是否促進主觀幸福感的提升、及其主觀幸福感之現況。研究方法藉文獻探討依據行政院主計總處之社會指標統計年報（2012）、及中央研究院人文社會科學研究中心之國民幸福指數調查暨主觀幸福感研究（2014），將主觀幸福感之量測分為三大層面：生活滿意度、正向情感、與負向情感程度。本文針對以45歲以上（含）之學校志工為樣本，有效問卷共197 份，蒐集所得的資料以SPSS 22.0 for windows 統計軟體進行資料的分析。研究發現中高齡學校志工在參與志工服務後，參與程度與主觀幸福感均達高度滿意水準，且長時間與持續性的投入志願服務，對提升主觀幸福感具有重大的意義，對其經營老化後之樂齡人生具有積極且正向的作用。多元逐步迴歸分析顯示，主觀幸福感、人際支持、工作滿意平均皆達顯著性。亦即，當中高齡學校志工越重視人際支持與工作滿意，在主觀幸福感的感受上就會越好；同時，中高齡學校志工的志工參與程度對主觀幸福感有顯著預測力。本研究探討中高齡者參與志工服務與其主觀幸福感之間的關係及其相關影響因素，研究結果可作為縣市教育機關，擬訂中高齡人口成功老化方案之參考、亦可作為招募學校志工服務的學理基礎。

This study aimed to explore the correlation between the involving degrees and subjective well-being among the middle-aged and elderly school volunteers in Great Taichung City. Literature review was based on the reports by the Directorate General of Budget, Accounting and Statistics (DGBAS) of Executive Yuan (2012), and the Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences (RCHSS) in 2014.The measurement of the subjective well-being, hence, has been classified into three categories: living satisfaction, degrees of positive feelings, and degrees of negative feelings. Effective data derived from 197 subjects who are above 45 years old were collected and analyzed by SPSS 22.0. Results showed that after serving, the involving degrees and the subjective well-being have reached a high satisfactory level. The long-term and consistent services have been meaningful to the subjective well-being of the population. That is, the volunteering services have great impact toward active and positive ageing. In addition, Stepwise Multiple Regression Analysis found that the average among subjective well-being, supportive relationship, and work satisfaction is statistically significant. The more the volunteers pay attention to the supportive relationship and work satisfaction, the more they feel about subjective well-being. Specially, the volunteer involving degree, in this paper, is predictive to the subjective well-being of the school volunteers. This study suggested a feasible approach for the educational agencies to update policies concerning successful ageing. It may be critically important in laying the groundwork for recruiting volunteers for elementary and junior high schools in Taichung Metropolitan.