臺灣農家人力資本對農家所得之影響分析

THE EFFECTS OF HUMAN CAPITALON FARM HOUSEHOLD INCOME IN TAIWAN

農家所得的高低一直是政府所關注的議題， 而政府政策多透過價格支持或直接補貼， 藉以影響農家所得。但農家人力資本對農家所得的影響卻一直受到忽視， 因此本文的主要目的在於探討農家家庭成員之人力資本對農家所得的影響。我們的實證結果發現， 農業工作者的教育報酬受到其專兼業程度、農場型態及耕地面積的影響， 專業程度越高或資本投入越高， 教育報酬越高。而其他家庭成員的人力資本除直接對農家非農業所得有正面的助益外， 對農業生產亦有正向且顯著的外溢效果。

The low level of farm household income is one of the important issues of concern to the government. However, the government often uses price support or subsidy to maintain farm household income. The role of human capital of farm household members on farm household income is usually ignored. Thus, the purpose of this paper is to investigate the effect of human capital on farm household income. Our empirical results show that the return to education of farm workers depends on whether farmers are working full time or part time on the farm, the type of farm, and the size of the farm. In addition, the earnings fromnon-farmworkers outside the farmaccount for amajor proportion of farm household income. Finally, the human capital of other household members on the farm has a positive and significant spillover effect on farm household income.